Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{Short description|Asian mammal also known as a bearcat}}
{{Redirect|Bear cat|other uses|Bearcat (disambiguation)}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Binturong
| status = VU
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn |title=''Arctictis binturong'' |author=Willcox, D.H.A. |author2=Chutipong, W. |author3=Gray, T.N.E. |author4=Cheyne, S. |author5=Semiadi, G. |author6=Rahman, H. |author7=Coudrat, C.N.Z. |author8=Jennings, A. |author9=Ghimirey, Y. |author10=Ross, J. |author11=Fredriksson, G. |author12=Tilker, A. |date=2016 |page=e.T41690A45217088 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41690A45217088.en |access-date=20 November 2021}}</ref>
| image = Binturong in Overloon.jpg
| image_caption = In the Zoo Parc [[Overloon]], the [[Netherlands]]
| display_parents = 2
| genus = Arctictis
| parent_authority = [[Coenraad Jacob Temminck|Temminck]], 1824
| species = binturong<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Wozencraft |pages=549 |id=14000273 |heading=Species ''Arctictis binturong''}}</ref>
| authority = ([[Thomas Stamford Raffles|Raffles]], 1822)
| range_map = Binturong area.png
| range_map_caption = Binturong range
}}
The '''Binturong''' ('''''Arctictis binturong''''') ({{IPAc-en|b|ɪ|n|'|tj|u:r|ɒ|ŋ|,_|'|b|ɪ|n|tj|ʊr|ɒ|ŋ}}, {{respell|bin|TURE|ong|,_|BIN|ture|ong}}), also known as the '''bearcat''', is a [[viverridae|viverrid]] native to [[South Asia|South]] and [[Southeast Asia]]. It is uncommon in much of its range, and has been assessed as [[Vulnerable species|Vulnerable]] on the [[IUCN Red List]] because of a declining population. It is estimated to have declined at least 30% since the mid-1980s.<ref name=iucn /> The binturong is the only species in the genus '''''Arctictis'''''.
== Etymology ==
"Binturong" is its common name in Borneo, and is related to the Western [[Malayo-Polynesian languages|Malayo-Polynesian]] root "ma-tuRun".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=A.D. |date=2017 |title=The Western Malayo-Polynesian Problem |journal=Oceanic Linguistics |volume=56 |issue=2 |pages=435–490 |doi=10.1353/ol.2017.0021 |s2cid=149377092 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321159978}}</ref> In [[Riau]], it is called "benturong" and "tenturun".<ref name=dict>{{cite book |last=Wilkinson |first=R.J. |year=1901 |title=A Malay-English dictionary |location=Hongkong, Shanghai and Yokohama |publisher=Kelly & Walsh Limited |chapter=tenturun |page=192 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/aeg2034.0001.001.umich.edu#page/192/mode/2up}}</ref>
The scientific name ''Arctictis'' means 'bear-weasel', from the Greek ''[[:wikt:ἄρκτος|arkt-]]'' "bear" + ''[[:wikt:ἴκτις|iktis]]'' "weasel".<ref>{{cite book |last=Scherren |first=H. |year=1902 |title=The Encyclopædic Dictionary |location=London |publisher=Cassell and Company |page=54 |chapter=arc-tic-tis |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopaedicdic00lond/page/54/mode/1up}}</ref>
==Taxonomy==
''Viverra binturong'' was the [[scientific name]] proposed by [[Thomas Stamford Raffles]] in 1822 for a specimen from [[Malacca]].<ref name=Raffles>{{cite journal |last=Raffles |first=T. S. |year=1822 |title=XVII. Descriptive Catalogue of a Zoological Collection, made on account of the Honourable East India Company, in the Island of Sumatra and its Vicinity, under the Direction of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Lieutenant-Governor of Fort Marlborough, with additional Notices illustrative of the Natural History of those Countries |url=https://archive.org/stream/mobot31753002433594#page/253/mode/2up |journal=The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London |volume=XIII |pages=239–274}}</ref> The generic name ''Arctictis'' was proposed by [[Coenraad Jacob Temminck]] in 1824.<ref>{{cite book |last=Temminck |first=C. J. |year=1824 |title=Monographies de mammalogie |publisher=Dufour & d'Ocagne |location=Paris |chapter=XVII Genre ''Arctictis'' |page=xxi |chapter-url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5800774n/f26.item |access-date=2019-10-12 |archive-date=2019-10-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012103322/https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5800774n/f26.item |url-status=live }}</ref> ''Arctictis'' is a [[monotypic taxon]]; its [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] is similar to that of members of the genera ''[[Paradoxurus]]'' and ''[[Masked palm civet|Paguma]]''.<ref name=Pocock1939>{{cite book |last=Pocock |first=R. I. |title=The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma |publisher=Taylor and Francis |year=1939 |volume=((Mammalia. – Volume 1)) |location=London |pages=431–439 |chapter=Genus ''Arctictis'' Temminck |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/PocockMammalia1/pocock1#page/n519/mode/2up}}</ref>
In the 19th and 20th centuries, the following zoological specimens were described:<ref name="ems66">{{cite book |last1=Ellerman |first1=J. R. |last2=Morrison-Scott |first2=T. C. S. |year=1966 |title=Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946 |edition=Second |location=London |publisher=British Museum of Natural History |page=290 |chapter=Genus Arctictis. Temminck, 1824 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/checklistofindia00elle#page/290/mode/2up}}</ref>
*''Paradoxurus albifrons'' proposed by [[Frédéric Cuvier]] in 1822 was based on a drawing of a binturong from Bhutan prepared by [[Alfred Duvaucel]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Cuvier, F. |year=1822 |title=Histoire naturelle des mammifères : avec des figures originales, coloriées, dessinées d'aprèsdes animaux vivans |volume=5 |publisher=A. Belin |location=Paris |editor=Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, E. |editor2=Cuvier, F. |chapter=Benturong |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/HistoirenaturelVGeof/page/L}}</ref>
*''Arctictis penicillata'' by Temminck in 1835 were specimens from [[Sumatra]] and [[Java]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Temminck, C. J. |year=1835 |title=Monographies de Mammalogie |volume=II |location=Paris, Leiden |publisher=Dufour, Van der Hoek |pages=308–311 |chapter=Arcticte Binturong – ''Arctictis binturong'' |chapter-url=https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/view/bsb10231975?page=364 |access-date=2023-01-17 |archive-date=2023-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401180751/https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/view/bsb10231975?page=364 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[Palawan binturong|''Arctictis whitei'']] proposed by [[Joel Asaph Allen]] in 1910 were skins of two female binturongs collected in [[Palawan (island)|Palawan Island]] in the Philippines.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Allen, J. A. |year=1910 |title=Mammals from Palawan Island, Philippine Islands |journal=Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History |volume=28 |pages=13–17 |url=https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/467//v2/dspace/ingest/pdfSource/bul/B028a03.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=2019-10-12 |archive-date=2021-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511201241/https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/467/v2/dspace/ingest/pdfSource/bul/B028a03.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |url-status=live }}</ref>
*''Arctictis pageli'' proposed by [[Ernst Schwarz (zoologist)|Ernst Schwarz]] in 1911 was a skin and skull of a female collected in northern [[Borneo]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Schwarz, E. |year=1911 |title=Seven new Asiatic mammals with Note on the ''Viverra fasciata'' of Gmelin |journal=The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology |series=8 |volume=7 |issue=37 |pages=634–640 |url=https://archive.org/details/annalsmagazineof871911lond/page/636|doi=10.1080/00222931108692986 }}</ref>
*''Arctictis gairdneri'' proposed by [[Oldfield Thomas]] in 1916 was a skull of a male binturong collected in southwestern Thailand.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Thomas, O. |year=1916 |title=A new Binturong from Siam |journal=The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology |series=8 |volume=17 |issue=99 |pages=270–271 |url=https://archive.org/details/annalsmagazineof8171916lond/page/270|doi=10.1080/00222931508693780 }}</ref>
*''Arctictis niasensis'' proposed by [[Marcus Ward Lyon Jr.]] in 1916 was a binturong skin from [[Nias Island]].<ref>{{cite journal | author=Lyon, M. W. Jr. |year=1916 |title=Mammals collected by Dr. W. L. Abbott on the chain of islands lying off the western coast of Sumatra, with descriptions of twenty-eight new species and subspecies |journal=Proceedings of the United States National Museum |volume=52 |issue=2188 |pages=437–462 |url=https://archive.org/details/proceedingsofuni521917unit/page/443|doi=10.5479/si.00963801.52-2188.437 }}</ref>
*''A. b. kerkhoveni'' by [[wikispecies:Henri Jacob Victor Sody|Henri Jacob Victor Sody]] in 1936 was based on specimens from [[Bangka Island]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Sody, H. J. V. |year=1937 |title=On the mammals of Banka |location=Leiden |publisher=Brill }}</ref>
*''A. b. menglaensis'' by Wang and Li in 1987 was based on specimens from the [[Yunnan Province]] in [[China]].<ref name=Cosson2007/>
Nine [[subspecies]] have been recognized forming two [[clade]]s. The northern clade in mainland Asia is separated from the [[Sunda Islands|Sundaic]] clade by the [[Isthmus of Kra]].<ref name=Cosson2007>{{cite journal |last1=Cosson. |first1=L. |last2=Grassman |first2=L. L. |last3=Zubaid |first3=A. |last4=Vellayan First4=S. |last5=Tillier |first5=A. |last6=Veron |first6=G. |year=2007 |title=Genetic diversity of captive binturongs (''Arctictis binturong'', Viverridae, Carnivora): implications for conservation |journal=Journal of Zoology |volume=271 |issue=4 |pages=386–395 |url=http://www.aseanbiodiversity.info/Abstract/51011947.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512190437/http://www.aseanbiodiversity.info/Abstract/51011947.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-05-12 |doi=10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00209.x }}</ref>
==Characteristics==
[[File:Binturongskull.png|thumb|Skull and dentition of the binturong, as illustrated in [[Paul Gervais]]' {{Lang|fr|Histoire naturelle des mammifères}}]]
[[File:Binturong skeleton.jpg|thumb|Binturong skeleton on display in the [[Museum of Osteology]]]]
The binturong is long and heavy, with short, stout legs. It has a thick coat of coarse black hair. The bushy and [[prehensile tail]] is thick at the root, gradually tapering, and curls inwards at the tip. The [[snout|muzzle]] is short and pointed, somewhat turned up at the nose, and is covered with bristly hairs, brown at the points, which lengthen as they diverge, and form a peculiar radiated circle round the face. The eyes are large, black and prominent. The ears are short, rounded, edged with white, and terminated by tufts of black hair. There are six short rounded incisors in each jaw, two canines, which are long and sharp, and six molars on each side. The hair on the legs is short and of a yellowish tinge. The feet are five-toed, with large strong claws. The soles are bare, and are [[plantigrade]]―applied to the ground throughout the whole of their length―and the hind ones are longer than the fore ones.<ref name=Raffles/>
In general build, the binturong is essentially like ''Paradoxurus'' and ''Paguma'', but more massive in the length of the tail, legs and feet, in the structure of the [[scent gland]]s, and in the larger size of the [[rhinarium]], which is more convex with a median groove being much narrower above the [[philtrum]]. The contour hairs of the coat are much longer and coarser, and the long hairs covering the whole of the back of the ears project beyond the tip as a definite tuft. The anterior [[synovial bursa|bursa]] flap of the ears is more widely and less deeply emarginate. The tail is more muscular, especially at the base and, in colour, generally like the body, but commonly paler at the base beneath. The body hairs are frequently partly whitish or buff, giving a speckled appearance to the pelage, sometimes so pale that the whole body is mostly straw-coloured or grey. The young are often paler than the adults, but the head is always closely speckled with grey or buff. The long mystacial [[vibrissae]] are conspicuously white, and there is a white rim on the summit of the otherwise black ear. The glandular area is whitish.<ref name=Pocock1939/>
The tail is nearly as long as the head and body. The body ranges from {{cvt|28|to|33|in|cm|order=flip}} and the tail is from {{cvt|26|to|27|in|cm|order=flip}} long.<ref name=Blanford/> Some captive binturongs measured from {{cvt|75|to|90|cm}} in head and body, with a tail of {{cvt|2|ft|4|in|cm|order=flip}}.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Arivazhagan |first1=C. |last2=Thiyagesan |first2=K. |name-list-style=amp |year=2001 |title=Studies on the Binturongs (''Arctictis binturong'') in captivity at the Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Vandalur |journal=Zoos' Print Journal |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=395–402 |doi=10.11609/JoTT.ZPJ.16.1.395-402|doi-access=free }}</ref> The mean weight of captive adult females is {{cvt|21.9|kg}}, with a range from {{cvt|11|to|32|kg}}. [[Captive animal]]s often weigh more than their wild counterparts.<ref name=wemmer/> 12 captive female binturongs were found to weigh a mean of {{cvt|24.4|kg}} while 22 males weighed a mean of {{cvt|19.3|kg}}.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Moresco |first1=A. |name-list-style=amp |last2=Larsen |first2=R. S. |year=2003 |title=Medetomidine–ketamine–butorphanol anesthetic combinations in binturongs (''Arctictis binturong'') |journal=Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=346–351 |doi= 10.1638/03-016|pmid=15077709 |s2cid=21990341 |url=}}</ref> In one study, the estimated mean weight of wild females was {{cvt|10.5|kg}}.<ref name=wemmer/> However, seven wild male binturongs in Thailand were found to weigh a mean of {{cvt|13.3|kg}}, while one female was of similar weight at {{cvt|13.5|kg}}.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Grassman |first1=L. I. |last2=Janecka |first2=J. E.|last3=Austin |first3=S. C. |last4=Tewes |first4=M. E. |last5=Silvy |first5=N. J. |name-list-style=amp |year=2006 |title='Chemical immobilization of free-ranging dhole (''Cuon alpinus''), binturong (''Arctictis binturong''), and yellow-throated marten (''Martes flavigula'') in Thailand |journal=European Journal of Wildlife Research |volume=52 |issue=4 |pages=297–300 |doi=10.1007/s10344-006-0040-8|s2cid=46658064}}</ref> One estimate of the mean body mass of wild binturongs was {{cvt|15|kg}}.<ref name=Grassman>{{Cite journal |last1=Grassman |first1=L. I. Jr. |last2=Tewes |first2=M. E. |last3=Silvy |first3=N. J. |title=Ranging, habitat use and activity patterns of binturong ''Arctictis binturong'' and yellow-throated marten ''Martes flavigula'' in north-central Thailand |journal=Wildlife Biology |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=49–57 |year=2005 |doi=10.2981/0909-6396(2005)11[49:RHUAAP]2.0.CO;2 |s2cid=84370908 |url=http://www.wildlifebiology.com/Downloads/Article/489/En/grassman%20et%20al.pdf |access-date=2013-03-07 |archive-date=2012-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227191211/http://www.wildlifebiology.com/Downloads/Article/489/En/grassman%20et%20al.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
Both sexes have [[scent gland]]s—females on either side of the [[vulva]], and males between the [[scrotum]] and [[penis]].<ref name=Story1945>{{Cite journal |last=Story |first=H. E. |title=The external genitalia and perfume gland in ''Arctictis binturong'' |journal=Journal of Mammalogy |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=64–66 |year=1945 |doi=10.2307/1375032 |jstor=1375032}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kleiman |first=D. G. |year=1974 |url=https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/11098/762b65b8-b1c1-4e02-ab3e-ba2fc535ed4c.pdf |title=Scent marking in the binturong, ''Arctictis binturong'' |journal=Journal of Mammalogy |volume=55 |issue=1 |pages=224–227 |doi=10.2307/1379278 |jstor=1379278 |access-date=2019-02-24 |archive-date=2017-05-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506052931/https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/11098/762b65b8-b1c1-4e02-ab3e-ba2fc535ed4c.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The musk glands emit an odor reminiscent of [[popcorn]] or corn chips, likely due to the volatile compound [[2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline|2-acetyl-1-pyrroline]] in the urine, which is also produced in the [[Maillard reaction]] at high temperatures.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Greene |first1=L. K. |last2=Wallen |first2=T. W. |last3=Moresco |first3=A. |last4=Goodwin |first4=T. E. |last5=Drea |first5=C. M. |name-list-style=amp |date=2016 |title=Reproductive endocrine patterns and volatile urinary compounds of ''Arctictis binturong'': discovering why bearcats smell like popcorn |journal=The Science of Nature |volume=103 |issue=5–6 |pages=37 |doi=10.1007/s00114-016-1361-4 |pmid=27056047 |bibcode=2016SciNa.103...37G |s2cid=16439829}}</ref> Unlike most other carnivorans, the male binturong does not have a [[baculum]].<ref name=Schultz>{{Cite journal |last1=Schultz |first1=N. G.|last2=Lough-Stevens |first2=M. |last3=Abreu |first3=E. |last4=Orr |first4=T. |last5=Dean |first5=M. D. |date=2016 |title=The baculum was gained and lost multiple times during mammalian evolution |journal=Integrative and Comparative Biology |volume=56 |issue=4 |pages=644–656 |doi=10.1093/icb/icw034 |pmid=27252214 |pmc=6080509}}</ref>
==Distribution and habitat==
The binturong occurs from [[India]], [[Nepal]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bhutan]], [[Myanmar]], [[Thailand]] and [[Malaysia]] to [[Laos]], [[Cambodia]], [[Vietnam]] and [[Yunnan]] in [[China]], [[Sumatra]], [[Kalimantan]] and [[Java (island)|Java]] in [[Indonesia]], to [[Palawan]] in the [[Philippines]].<ref name=iucn />
It is confined to tall forest.<ref name=Lekagul>{{cite book |last1=Lekalul |first1=B. |last2=McNeely |first2=J. A. |year=1977 |title=Mammals of Thailand |publisher=Association for the Conservation of Wildlife |location=Bangkok}}</ref> In [[Assam]], it is common in foothills and hills with good tree cover, but less so in the forested plains. It has been recorded in [[Manas National Park]], in Dulung and Kakoi Reserved Forests of the [[Lakhimpur district]], in the hill forests of [[Karbi Anglong]], [[North Cachar Hills]], [[Cachar district|Cachar]] and [[Hailakandi District]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Choudhury, A. |year=1997 |title=The distribution and status of small carnivores (mustelids, viverrids, and herpestids) in Assam, India |journal=Small Carnivore Conservation |volume=16 |pages=25–26 |url=http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129212012/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-date=2015-01-29}}</ref> It was also recorded in [[Kaziranga National Park]] in the year 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 January 2024 |title=Two new mammalian species added to Kaziranga’s fauna |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/two-new-mammalian-species-added-to-kazirangas-fauna/article67762072.ece/amp/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204003945/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/two-new-mammalian-species-added-to-kazirangas-fauna/article67762072.ece/amp/ |archive-date=4 February 2024 |access-date=24 February 2024 |website=The Hindu}}</ref>
In Myanmar, binturongs were photographed on the ground in [[Tanintharyi Nature Reserve]], at an elevation of {{cvt|60|m}} in the [[Hukaung Valley]], at elevations from {{cvt|220|–|280|m}} in the [[Rakhine Yoma Elephant Reserve]], and at {{cvt|580|m}} and at three other sites up to {{cvt|1190|m}} elevation.<ref name=Than>{{cite journal |author1=Than Zaw |author2=Saw Htun |author3=Saw Htoo Tta Po |author4=Myint Maung |author5=Lynam, A. J. |author6=Kyaw Thinn Latt |author7=Duckworth, J. W. |year=2008 |title=Status and distribution of small carnivores in Myanmar |journal=Small Carnivore Conservation |issue=38 |pages=2–28 |url=http://smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/0/0c/SCC38_ThanZaw_et_al.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150428015546/http://smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/0/0c/SCC38_ThanZaw_et_al.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2015-04-28}}</ref>
In Thailand's [[Khao Yai National Park]], several individuals were observed feeding in a [[ficus|fig]] tree and on a [[Gnetum|vine]].<ref name=Nettlebeck>{{cite journal |last=Nettlebeck |first=A. R. |year=1997 |title=Sightings of Binturongs ''Arctictis binturong'' in the Khao Yai National Park, Thailand |journal=Small Carnivore Conservation |issue=16 |pages=21–24 |url=http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129212012/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-date=2015-01-29}}</ref>
In Laos, they have been observed in extensive evergreen forest.<ref name=Duckworth1997>{{cite journal |last=Duckwort |first=J. W. |year=1997 |title=Small carnivores in Laos: a status review with notes on ecology, behaviour and conservation |journal=Small Carnivore Conservation |issue=16 |pages=1–21 |url=http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129212012/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-date=2015-01-29}}</ref>
In Malaysia, binturongs were recorded in secondary forest surrounding a palm estate that was logged in the 1970s.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Azlan |first=J. M. |year=2003 |title=The diversity and conservation of mustelids, viverrids, and herpestids in a disturbed forest in Peninsular Malaysia |journal=Small Carnivore Conservation |issue=29 |pages=8–9 |url=http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/9/90/Number_29.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129210312/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/9/90/Number_29.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-date=2015-01-29 }}</ref>
In Palawan, it inhabits primary and secondary lowland forest, including grassland–forest mosaic from sea level to {{cvt|400|m}}.<ref>{{cite book |author=Rabor, D. S. |year=1986 |title=Guide to the Philippine flora and fauna |publisher=Natural Resources Management Centre, Ministry of Natural Resources and University of the Philippines |location=Manila}}</ref>
==Ecology and behavior==
[[File:Binturong (Arctictis binturong) camera trapped at a feeding platform on a fruiting Ficus at Pakke tiger reserve.JPG|thumb|Binturong photographed by a camera trap at a feeding platform on a fruiting ''[[Ficus]]'']]
The binturong is active during the day and at night.<ref name=Nettlebeck/><ref name=Duckworth1997/> Three sightings in [[Pakke Tiger Reserve]] were by day.<ref name=Datta1999>Datta, A. (1999). ''Small carnivores in two protected areas of Arunachal Pradesh.'' Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 96: 399–404.</ref> [[Camera trap]]s set up in Myanmar captured thirteen animals, one around dusk, seven at night and five in broad daylight. All the photographs were of single [[animal]]s, and all were taken on the ground. Because binturongs are not very nimble, they may have to descend to the ground relatively frequently when moving between trees.<ref name=Than/>
Five [[Radio telemetry|radio-collared]] binturongs in the [[Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary]] exhibited an arrhythmic activity dominated by [[crepuscular]] and nocturnal tendencies with peaks in the early morning and late evening. Reduced inactivity periods occurred from midday to late afternoon. They moved between {{cvt|25|m}} and {{cvt|2698|m}} daily in the dry season and increased their daily movement to {{cvt|4143|m}} in the wet season. Ranges sizes of males varied between {{cvt|0.9|and|6.1|km2}}. Two males showed slightly larger ranges in the wet season. Their ranges overlapped between 30 and 70%.<ref name= Grassman/> The average home range of a radio-collared female in the [[Khao Yai National Park]] was estimated at {{cvt|4|km2}}, and the one of a male at {{cvt|4.5|to|20.5|km2}}.<ref>{{cite thesis |author=Austin, S. C. |year=2002 |title=Ecology of sympatric carnivores in the Khao Yai National Park, Thailand |type=PhD thesis |publisher=Texas University}}</ref>
The binturong is essentially [[arboreal]]. [[Reginald Innes Pocock|Pocock]] observed the behaviour of several captive individuals in the [[London Zoological Gardens]]. When resting, they lay curled up with their heads tucked under their tails. They seldom leaped, but climbed skilfully, albeit slowly, progressing with equal ease and confidence along the upper side of branches or, upside down, beneath them. The prehensile tail was always ready as an aid. They descended the vertical bars of the cage head first, gripping them between their paws and using the prehensile tail as a check. They growled fiercely when irritated, and when on the prowl they periodically uttered a series of low grunts or a hissing sound, made by expelling air through partially opened lips.<ref name=Pocock1939/>
The binturong uses its tail to [[animal communication|communicate]].<ref name=Story1945/> It moves about gently, clinging to a branch, often coming to a stop, and often using the tail to keep balance. It shows a pronounced [[comfort behaviour in animals|comfort behaviour]] associated with grooming the fur, shaking and licking its hair, and scratching. Shaking is the most characteristic element of comfort behaviour.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rozhnov |first1=V. V. |year=1994 |title=Notes on the behaviour and ecology of the Binturong (''Arctictis binturong'') in Vietnam |journal=Small Carnivore Conservation |volume=10 |pages=4–5 |url=http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/d/d6/Number_10.PDF |access-date=2013-03-08 |archive-date=2015-04-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429052109/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/d/d6/Number_10.PDF |url-status=dead }}</ref>
=== Diet ===
The binturong is [[omnivorous]], feeding on small mammals, [[bird]]s, fish, [[earthworms]], [[insects]] and fruits.<ref name=Blanford>{{cite book |author=Blanford, W. T. |year=1888–91 |chapter=57. ''Arctictis binturong'' |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/mammalia00blan#page/117/mode/1up |pages=117–119 |title=The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma |volume=((Mammalia)) |publisher=Taylor and Francis |location=London}}</ref> It also preys on [[rodent]]s.<ref name=Lekagul/> Fish and earthworms are likely unimportant items in its diet, as it is neither [[Aquatic animal|aquatic]] nor [[fossorial]], coming across such prey only when opportunities present themselves. Since it does not have the attributes of a [[predator]]y mammal, most of the binturong's diet is probably of vegetable matter.<ref name=Pocock1939/> [[Common fig|Fig]]s are a major component of its diet.<ref name=Nettlebeck/><ref name=Datta1999/><ref>{{cite journal |author=Lambert, F. |year=1990 |title=Some notes on fig-eating by arboreal mammals in Malaysia |journal=Primates |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=453–458 |doi=10.1007/BF02381118 |s2cid=2911086}}</ref> Captive binturongs are particularly fond of [[Plantain (cooking)|plantain]]s, but also eat [[fowl]]s' heads and [[Egg (biology)|egg]]s.<ref name=Raffles/>
The binturong is an important agent for [[seed dispersal]], especially for those of the [[strangler fig]], because of its ability to scarify the seed's tough outer covering.<ref>{{cite journal |title=The impact of gut passage by Binturongs (''Arctictis binturong'') on seed germination |year=2013 |journal=[[The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology]] |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=417–421 |url=http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/61/61rbz417-421.pdf |author1=Colon, C. P. |author2=Campos-Arceiz, A. |name-list-style=amp }}{{Dead link|date=April 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
In captivity, the binturong's diet includes commercially prepared meat mix, [[banana]]s, [[apple]]s, [[Orange (fruit)|oranges]], canned [[peach]]es and [[mineral supplement]].<ref name=wemmer/>
===Reproduction===
The average age of [[sexual maturation]] is 30.4 months for females and 27.7 months for males. The [[estrous cycle]] of the binturong lasts 18 to 187 days, with an average of 82.5 days. [[Gestation]] lasts 84 to 99 days. Litter size in captivity varies from one to six young, with an average of two young per birth. Neonates weigh between {{cvt|280|and|340|g}}, and are often referred to as {{Not a typo|shruggles}}. [[Fertility]] lasts until 15 years of age.<ref name=wemmer>{{Cite journal |author=Wemmer, C. |author2=Murtaugh, J. |title=Copulatory behavior and reproduction in the Binturong, ''Arctictis binturong'' |journal=Journal of Mammalogy |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=342–352 |year=1981 |jstor=1380710 |doi=10.2307/1380710 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
The maximum known lifespan in captivity is thought to be over 25 years of age.<ref name=Macdonald>{{cite book |author=Macdonald, D.W. |year=2009 |title=The Encyclopedia of Mammals |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |pages= |chapter= |chapter-url= |isbn=}}</ref>
==Threats==
[[File:DSC05941.JPG|right|thumb|Young binturong kept as a pet by [[Orang Asli]] at [[Taman Negara]], Malaysia]]
Major threats to the binturong are habitat loss and [[Environmental degradation|degradation]] of forests through [[logging]] and conversion of forests to non-forest land-uses throughout the binturong's range. Habitat loss has been severe in the lowlands of the [[Sunda Islands|Sunda]]ic part of its range, and there is no evidence that the binturong uses the plantations that are largely replacing natural forest. In China, rampant [[deforestation]] and opportunistic logging practices have fragmented suitable habitat or eliminated sites altogether. In the Philippines, it is captured for the [[wildlife trade#Illegal wildlife trade|wildlife trade]], and in the south of its range it is also taken for human consumption. In Laos, it is one of the most frequently displayed caged live carnivores and skins are traded frequently in at least [[Vientiane]]. In parts of Laos, it is considered a delicacy and also traded as a food item to Vietnam.<ref name=iucn />
The [[Orang Asli]] of Malaysia has the tradition of keeping binturongs as pets.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-27|title=Creature Feature: The Binturong {{!}} Redbrick Sci&Tech|url=https://www.redbrick.me/creature-feature-the-binturong/|access-date=2021-10-01|website=Redbrick|archive-date=2021-10-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001202655/https://www.redbrick.me/creature-feature-the-binturong/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Abdullah|first1=Mohd Tajuddin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QLAmEAAAQBAJ|title=Resource Use and Sustainability of Orang Asli: Indigenous Communities in Peninsular Malaysia|last2=Bartholomew|first2=Candyrilla Vera|last3=Mohammad|first3=Aqilah|date=2021-05-01|publisher=Springer Nature|isbn=978-3-030-64961-6|language=en|access-date=2021-10-01|archive-date=2023-04-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401180746/https://books.google.com/books?id=QLAmEAAAQBAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
The binturong is also sometimes kept captive for production of [[kopi luwak]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-10-13 |title=What is a binturong? |url=https://news.mongabay.com/2016/10/its-a-bear-its-a-cat-no-its-a-binturong-and-its-threatened/ |access-date=2024-04-12 |website=Mongabay Environmental News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Milman |first=Oliver |date=2012-11-19 |title=World's most expensive coffee tainted by 'horrific' civet abuse |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/nov/19/civet-coffee-abuse-campaigners |access-date=2024-04-12 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
== Conservation ==
[[File:CZ Binturong.jpg|thumb|Captive binturong at the [[Cincinnati Zoo]]]]
The binturong is included in [[CITES Appendix III]] and in Schedule I of the Indian [[Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972]], so that it has the highest level of protection. In China, it is listed as critically endangered. It is completely protected in Bangladesh, and partially in Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam and Indonesia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of protected mammalian species (citation in indonesian) |date=2018 |author=BKSDA Sulawesi Selatan |url=https://ksdasulsel.menlhk.go.id/post/126/daftar-satwa-mamalia-dilindungi-indonesia-permen-202018-menteri-lhk |website=Enironmental Agency of South Sulawesi |access-date=2024-04-05 |archive-date=2024-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111110420/https://ksdasulsel.menlhk.go.id/post/126/daftar-satwa-mamalia-dilindungi-indonesia-permen-202018-menteri-lhk |url-status=live}}</ref> It is not protected in Brunei.<ref name=iucn />
World Binturong Day is a yearly event held in several zoos and is dedicated to binturong awareness and conservation. It takes place every second Saturday of May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Focus sur : la Journée Mondiale du Binturong |date=2023 |author=ABConservation |url=https://www.abconservation.org/evenements/ |website=ABConservation |access-date=2020-05-10 |archive-date=2023-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401180722/https://www.abconservation.org/fr/evenements/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
=== In captivity ===
Binturongs are common in zoos, and captive individuals represent a source of [[genetic diversity]] essential for long-term conservation. Their geographic origin is either usually unknown, or they are offspring of several generations of captive-bred animals.<ref name=Cosson2007/>
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{Wikispecies|Arctictis binturong }}
{{Commons category|Arctictis binturong}}
* {{cite web |website=Zooborns |title=Bearcat |date=2008 |url=http://www.zooborns.typepad.com/zooborns/bearcat/}}
* {{cite web |website=Wildlife Waystation |author=Bird, K. |date=2005 |title=Binturong |url=http://www.wildlifewaystation.org/wws/animals/item.php?id=14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223151818/http://www.wildlifewaystation.org/wws/animals/item.php?id=14 |archive-date=2007-12-23 }}
* {{cite web |website=ABConservation |url=http://www.abconservation.org |title=L'association Arctictis Binturong Conservation}}
* {{cite EB1911|short=1|wstitle=Binturong}}
{{Carnivora|V.}}
{{Feliformia|F.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q213141}}
[[Category:Viverrids]]
[[Category:Carnivorans of Asia]]
[[Category:Mammals of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Mammals of Bhutan]]
[[Category:Mammals of China]]
[[Category:Mammals of India]]
[[Category:Mammals of Southeast Asia]]
[[Category:Carnivorans of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Vulnerable fauna of Asia]]
[[Category:Mammals described in 1821]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Thomas Stamford Raffles]]
[[Category:Carnivorans of Borneo]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{Short description|Asian mammal also known as a bearcat}}
{{Redirect|Bear cat|other uses|Bearcat (disambiguation)}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Binturong
| status = VU
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn |title=''Arctictis binturong'' |author=Willcox, D.H.A. |author2=Chutipong, W. |author3=Gray, T.N.E. |author4=Cheyne, S. |author5=Semiadi, G. |author6=Rahman, H. |author7=Coudrat, C.N.Z. |author8=Jennings, A. |author9=Ghimirey, Y. |author10=Ross, J. |author11=Fredriksson, G. |author12=Tilker, A. |date=2016 |page=e.T41690A45217088 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41690A45217088.en |access-date=20 November 2021}}</ref>
| image = Binturong in Overloon.jpg
| image_caption = In the Zoo Parc [[Overloon]], the [[Netherlands]]
| display_parents = 2
| genus = Arctictis
| parent_authority = [[Coenraad Jacob Temminck|Temminck]], 1824
| species = binturong<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Wozencraft |pages=549 |id=14000273 |heading=Species ''Arctictis binturong''}}</ref>
| authority = ([[Thomas Stamford Raffles|Raffles]], 1822)
| range_map = Binturong area.png
| range_map_caption = Binturong range
}}
The '''Binturong''' ('''''Arctictis binturong''''') ({{IPAc-en|b|ɪ|n|'|tj|u:r|ɒ|ŋ|,_|'|b|ɪ|n|tj|ʊr|ɒ|ŋ}}, {{respell|bin|TURE|ong|,_|BIN|ture|ong}}), also known as the '''bearcat''', is a [[viverridae|viverrid]] native to [[South Asia|South]] and [[Southeast Asia]]. It is uncommon in much of its range, and has been assessed as [[Vulnerable species|Vulnerable]] on the [[IUCN Red List]] because of a declining population. It is estimated to have declined at least 30% since the mid-1980s.<ref name=iucn /> The binturong is the only species in the genus '''''Arctictis'''''.
== Etymology ==
"Binturong" is its common name in Borneo, and is related to the Western [[Malayo-Polynesian languages|Malayo-Polynesian]] root "ma-tuRun".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=A.D. |date=2017 |title=The Western Malayo-Polynesian Problem |journal=Oceanic Linguistics |volume=56 |issue=2 |pages=435–490 |doi=10.1353/ol.2017.0021 |s2cid=149377092 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321159978}}</ref> In [[Riau]], it is called "benturong" and "tenturun".<ref name=dict>{{cite book |last=Wilkinson |first=R.J. |year=1901 |title=A Malay-English dictionary |location=Hongkong, Shanghai and Yokohama |publisher=Kelly & Walsh Limited |chapter=tenturun |page=192 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/aeg2034.0001.001.umich.edu#page/192/mode/2up}}</ref>
The scientific name ''Arctictis'' means 'bear-weasel', from the Greek ''[[:wikt:ἄρκτος|arkt-]]'' "bear" + ''[[:wikt:ἴκτις|iktis]]'' "weasel".<ref>{{cite book |last=Scherren |first=H. |year=1902 |title=The Encyclopædic Dictionary |location=London |publisher=Cassell and Company |page=54 |chapter=arc-tic-tis |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopaedicdic00lond/page/54/mode/1up}}</ref>
Hehe
==Taxonomy==
''Viverra binturong'' was the [[scientific name]] proposed by [[Thomas Stamford Raffles]] in 1822 for a specimen from [[Malacca]].<ref name=Raffles>{{cite journal |last=Raffles |first=T. S. |year=1822 |title=XVII. Descriptive Catalogue of a Zoological Collection, made on account of the Honourable East India Company, in the Island of Sumatra and its Vicinity, under the Direction of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Lieutenant-Governor of Fort Marlborough, with additional Notices illustrative of the Natural History of those Countries |url=https://archive.org/stream/mobot31753002433594#page/253/mode/2up |journal=The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London |volume=XIII |pages=239–274}}</ref> The generic name ''Arctictis'' was proposed by [[Coenraad Jacob Temminck]] in 1824.<ref>{{cite book |last=Temminck |first=C. J. |year=1824 |title=Monographies de mammalogie |publisher=Dufour & d'Ocagne |location=Paris |chapter=XVII Genre ''Arctictis'' |page=xxi |chapter-url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5800774n/f26.item |access-date=2019-10-12 |archive-date=2019-10-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012103322/https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5800774n/f26.item |url-status=live }}</ref> ''Arctictis'' is a [[monotypic taxon]]; its [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] is similar to that of members of the genera ''[[Paradoxurus]]'' and ''[[Masked palm civet|Paguma]]''.<ref name=Pocock1939>{{cite book |last=Pocock |first=R. I. |title=The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma |publisher=Taylor and Francis |year=1939 |volume=((Mammalia. – Volume 1)) |location=London |pages=431–439 |chapter=Genus ''Arctictis'' Temminck |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/PocockMammalia1/pocock1#page/n519/mode/2up}}</ref>
In the 19th and 20th centuries, the following zoological specimens were described:<ref name="ems66">{{cite book |last1=Ellerman |first1=J. R. |last2=Morrison-Scott |first2=T. C. S. |year=1966 |title=Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946 |edition=Second |location=London |publisher=British Museum of Natural History |page=290 |chapter=Genus Arctictis. Temminck, 1824 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/checklistofindia00elle#page/290/mode/2up}}</ref>
*''Paradoxurus albifrons'' proposed by [[Frédéric Cuvier]] in 1822 was based on a drawing of a binturong from Bhutan prepared by [[Alfred Duvaucel]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Cuvier, F. |year=1822 |title=Histoire naturelle des mammifères : avec des figures originales, coloriées, dessinées d'aprèsdes animaux vivans |volume=5 |publisher=A. Belin |location=Paris |editor=Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, E. |editor2=Cuvier, F. |chapter=Benturong |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/HistoirenaturelVGeof/page/L}}</ref>
*''Arctictis penicillata'' by Temminck in 1835 were specimens from [[Sumatra]] and [[Java]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Temminck, C. J. |year=1835 |title=Monographies de Mammalogie |volume=II |location=Paris, Leiden |publisher=Dufour, Van der Hoek |pages=308–311 |chapter=Arcticte Binturong – ''Arctictis binturong'' |chapter-url=https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/view/bsb10231975?page=364 |access-date=2023-01-17 |archive-date=2023-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401180751/https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/view/bsb10231975?page=364 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[Palawan binturong|''Arctictis whitei'']] proposed by [[Joel Asaph Allen]] in 1910 were skins of two female binturongs collected in [[Palawan (island)|Palawan Island]] in the Philippines.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Allen, J. A. |year=1910 |title=Mammals from Palawan Island, Philippine Islands |journal=Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History |volume=28 |pages=13–17 |url=https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/467//v2/dspace/ingest/pdfSource/bul/B028a03.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=2019-10-12 |archive-date=2021-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511201241/https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/467/v2/dspace/ingest/pdfSource/bul/B028a03.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |url-status=live }}</ref>
*''Arctictis pageli'' proposed by [[Ernst Schwarz (zoologist)|Ernst Schwarz]] in 1911 was a skin and skull of a female collected in northern [[Borneo]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Schwarz, E. |year=1911 |title=Seven new Asiatic mammals with Note on the ''Viverra fasciata'' of Gmelin |journal=The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology |series=8 |volume=7 |issue=37 |pages=634–640 |url=https://archive.org/details/annalsmagazineof871911lond/page/636|doi=10.1080/00222931108692986 }}</ref>
*''Arctictis gairdneri'' proposed by [[Oldfield Thomas]] in 1916 was a skull of a male binturong collected in southwestern Thailand.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Thomas, O. |year=1916 |title=A new Binturong from Siam |journal=The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology |series=8 |volume=17 |issue=99 |pages=270–271 |url=https://archive.org/details/annalsmagazineof8171916lond/page/270|doi=10.1080/00222931508693780 }}</ref>
*''Arctictis niasensis'' proposed by [[Marcus Ward Lyon Jr.]] in 1916 was a binturong skin from [[Nias Island]].<ref>{{cite journal | author=Lyon, M. W. Jr. |year=1916 |title=Mammals collected by Dr. W. L. Abbott on the chain of islands lying off the western coast of Sumatra, with descriptions of twenty-eight new species and subspecies |journal=Proceedings of the United States National Museum |volume=52 |issue=2188 |pages=437–462 |url=https://archive.org/details/proceedingsofuni521917unit/page/443|doi=10.5479/si.00963801.52-2188.437 }}</ref>
*''A. b. kerkhoveni'' by [[wikispecies:Henri Jacob Victor Sody|Henri Jacob Victor Sody]] in 1936 was based on specimens from [[Bangka Island]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Sody, H. J. V. |year=1937 |title=On the mammals of Banka |location=Leiden |publisher=Brill }}</ref>
*''A. b. menglaensis'' by Wang and Li in 1987 was based on specimens from the [[Yunnan Province]] in [[China]].<ref name=Cosson2007/>
Nine [[subspecies]] have been recognized forming two [[clade]]s. The northern clade in mainland Asia is separated from the [[Sunda Islands|Sundaic]] clade by the [[Isthmus of Kra]].<ref name=Cosson2007>{{cite journal |last1=Cosson. |first1=L. |last2=Grassman |first2=L. L. |last3=Zubaid |first3=A. |last4=Vellayan First4=S. |last5=Tillier |first5=A. |last6=Veron |first6=G. |year=2007 |title=Genetic diversity of captive binturongs (''Arctictis binturong'', Viverridae, Carnivora): implications for conservation |journal=Journal of Zoology |volume=271 |issue=4 |pages=386–395 |url=http://www.aseanbiodiversity.info/Abstract/51011947.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512190437/http://www.aseanbiodiversity.info/Abstract/51011947.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-05-12 |doi=10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00209.x }}</ref>
==Characteristics==
[[File:Binturongskull.png|thumb|Skull and dentition of the binturong, as illustrated in [[Paul Gervais]]' {{Lang|fr|Histoire naturelle des mammifères}}]]
[[File:Binturong skeleton.jpg|thumb|Binturong skeleton on display in the [[Museum of Osteology]]]]
The binturong is long and heavy, with short, stout legs. It has a thick coat of coarse black hair. The bushy and [[prehensile tail]] is thick at the root, gradually tapering, and curls inwards at the tip. The [[snout|muzzle]] is short and pointed, somewhat turned up at the nose, and is covered with bristly hairs, brown at the points, which lengthen as they diverge, and form a peculiar radiated circle round the face. The eyes are large, black and prominent. The ears are short, rounded, edged with white, and terminated by tufts of black hair. There are six short rounded incisors in each jaw, two canines, which are long and sharp, and six molars on each side. The hair on the legs is short and of a yellowish tinge. The feet are five-toed, with large strong claws. The soles are bare, and are [[plantigrade]]―applied to the ground throughout the whole of their length―and the hind ones are longer than the fore ones.<ref name=Raffles/>
In general build, the binturong is essentially like ''Paradoxurus'' and ''Paguma'', but more massive in the length of the tail, legs and feet, in the structure of the [[scent gland]]s, and in the larger size of the [[rhinarium]], which is more convex with a median groove being much narrower above the [[philtrum]]. The contour hairs of the coat are much longer and coarser, and the long hairs covering the whole of the back of the ears project beyond the tip as a definite tuft. The anterior [[synovial bursa|bursa]] flap of the ears is more widely and less deeply emarginate. The tail is more muscular, especially at the base and, in colour, generally like the body, but commonly paler at the base beneath. The body hairs are frequently partly whitish or buff, giving a speckled appearance to the pelage, sometimes so pale that the whole body is mostly straw-coloured or grey. The young are often paler than the adults, but the head is always closely speckled with grey or buff. The long mystacial [[vibrissae]] are conspicuously white, and there is a white rim on the summit of the otherwise black ear. The glandular area is whitish.<ref name=Pocock1939/>
The tail is nearly as long as the head and body. The body ranges from {{cvt|28|to|33|in|cm|order=flip}} and the tail is from {{cvt|26|to|27|in|cm|order=flip}} long.<ref name=Blanford/> Some captive binturongs measured from {{cvt|75|to|90|cm}} in head and body, with a tail of {{cvt|2|ft|4|in|cm|order=flip}}.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Arivazhagan |first1=C. |last2=Thiyagesan |first2=K. |name-list-style=amp |year=2001 |title=Studies on the Binturongs (''Arctictis binturong'') in captivity at the Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Vandalur |journal=Zoos' Print Journal |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=395–402 |doi=10.11609/JoTT.ZPJ.16.1.395-402|doi-access=free }}</ref> The mean weight of captive adult females is {{cvt|21.9|kg}}, with a range from {{cvt|11|to|32|kg}}. [[Captive animal]]s often weigh more than their wild counterparts.<ref name=wemmer/> 12 captive female binturongs were found to weigh a mean of {{cvt|24.4|kg}} while 22 males weighed a mean of {{cvt|19.3|kg}}.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Moresco |first1=A. |name-list-style=amp |last2=Larsen |first2=R. S. |year=2003 |title=Medetomidine–ketamine–butorphanol anesthetic combinations in binturongs (''Arctictis binturong'') |journal=Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=346–351 |doi= 10.1638/03-016|pmid=15077709 |s2cid=21990341 |url=}}</ref> In one study, the estimated mean weight of wild females was {{cvt|10.5|kg}}.<ref name=wemmer/> However, seven wild male binturongs in Thailand were found to weigh a mean of {{cvt|13.3|kg}}, while one female was of similar weight at {{cvt|13.5|kg}}.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Grassman |first1=L. I. |last2=Janecka |first2=J. E.|last3=Austin |first3=S. C. |last4=Tewes |first4=M. E. |last5=Silvy |first5=N. J. |name-list-style=amp |year=2006 |title='Chemical immobilization of free-ranging dhole (''Cuon alpinus''), binturong (''Arctictis binturong''), and yellow-throated marten (''Martes flavigula'') in Thailand |journal=European Journal of Wildlife Research |volume=52 |issue=4 |pages=297–300 |doi=10.1007/s10344-006-0040-8|s2cid=46658064}}</ref> One estimate of the mean body mass of wild binturongs was {{cvt|15|kg}}.<ref name=Grassman>{{Cite journal |last1=Grassman |first1=L. I. Jr. |last2=Tewes |first2=M. E. |last3=Silvy |first3=N. J. |title=Ranging, habitat use and activity patterns of binturong ''Arctictis binturong'' and yellow-throated marten ''Martes flavigula'' in north-central Thailand |journal=Wildlife Biology |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=49–57 |year=2005 |doi=10.2981/0909-6396(2005)11[49:RHUAAP]2.0.CO;2 |s2cid=84370908 |url=http://www.wildlifebiology.com/Downloads/Article/489/En/grassman%20et%20al.pdf |access-date=2013-03-07 |archive-date=2012-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227191211/http://www.wildlifebiology.com/Downloads/Article/489/En/grassman%20et%20al.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
Both sexes have [[scent gland]]s—females on either side of the [[vulva]], and males between the [[scrotum]] and [[penis]].<ref name=Story1945>{{Cite journal |last=Story |first=H. E. |title=The external genitalia and perfume gland in ''Arctictis binturong'' |journal=Journal of Mammalogy |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=64–66 |year=1945 |doi=10.2307/1375032 |jstor=1375032}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kleiman |first=D. G. |year=1974 |url=https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/11098/762b65b8-b1c1-4e02-ab3e-ba2fc535ed4c.pdf |title=Scent marking in the binturong, ''Arctictis binturong'' |journal=Journal of Mammalogy |volume=55 |issue=1 |pages=224–227 |doi=10.2307/1379278 |jstor=1379278 |access-date=2019-02-24 |archive-date=2017-05-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506052931/https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/11098/762b65b8-b1c1-4e02-ab3e-ba2fc535ed4c.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The musk glands emit an odor reminiscent of [[popcorn]] or corn chips, likely due to the volatile compound [[2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline|2-acetyl-1-pyrroline]] in the urine, which is also produced in the [[Maillard reaction]] at high temperatures.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Greene |first1=L. K. |last2=Wallen |first2=T. W. |last3=Moresco |first3=A. |last4=Goodwin |first4=T. E. |last5=Drea |first5=C. M. |name-list-style=amp |date=2016 |title=Reproductive endocrine patterns and volatile urinary compounds of ''Arctictis binturong'': discovering why bearcats smell like popcorn |journal=The Science of Nature |volume=103 |issue=5–6 |pages=37 |doi=10.1007/s00114-016-1361-4 |pmid=27056047 |bibcode=2016SciNa.103...37G |s2cid=16439829}}</ref> Unlike most other carnivorans, the male binturong does not have a [[baculum]].<ref name=Schultz>{{Cite journal |last1=Schultz |first1=N. G.|last2=Lough-Stevens |first2=M. |last3=Abreu |first3=E. |last4=Orr |first4=T. |last5=Dean |first5=M. D. |date=2016 |title=The baculum was gained and lost multiple times during mammalian evolution |journal=Integrative and Comparative Biology |volume=56 |issue=4 |pages=644–656 |doi=10.1093/icb/icw034 |pmid=27252214 |pmc=6080509}}</ref>
==Distribution and habitat==
The binturong occurs from [[India]], [[Nepal]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bhutan]], [[Myanmar]], [[Thailand]] and [[Malaysia]] to [[Laos]], [[Cambodia]], [[Vietnam]] and [[Yunnan]] in [[China]], [[Sumatra]], [[Kalimantan]] and [[Java (island)|Java]] in [[Indonesia]], to [[Palawan]] in the [[Philippines]].<ref name=iucn />
It is confined to tall forest.<ref name=Lekagul>{{cite book |last1=Lekalul |first1=B. |last2=McNeely |first2=J. A. |year=1977 |title=Mammals of Thailand |publisher=Association for the Conservation of Wildlife |location=Bangkok}}</ref> In [[Assam]], it is common in foothills and hills with good tree cover, but less so in the forested plains. It has been recorded in [[Manas National Park]], in Dulung and Kakoi Reserved Forests of the [[Lakhimpur district]], in the hill forests of [[Karbi Anglong]], [[North Cachar Hills]], [[Cachar district|Cachar]] and [[Hailakandi District]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Choudhury, A. |year=1997 |title=The distribution and status of small carnivores (mustelids, viverrids, and herpestids) in Assam, India |journal=Small Carnivore Conservation |volume=16 |pages=25–26 |url=http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129212012/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-date=2015-01-29}}</ref> It was also recorded in [[Kaziranga National Park]] in the year 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 January 2024 |title=Two new mammalian species added to Kaziranga’s fauna |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/two-new-mammalian-species-added-to-kazirangas-fauna/article67762072.ece/amp/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204003945/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/two-new-mammalian-species-added-to-kazirangas-fauna/article67762072.ece/amp/ |archive-date=4 February 2024 |access-date=24 February 2024 |website=The Hindu}}</ref>
In Myanmar, binturongs were photographed on the ground in [[Tanintharyi Nature Reserve]], at an elevation of {{cvt|60|m}} in the [[Hukaung Valley]], at elevations from {{cvt|220|–|280|m}} in the [[Rakhine Yoma Elephant Reserve]], and at {{cvt|580|m}} and at three other sites up to {{cvt|1190|m}} elevation.<ref name=Than>{{cite journal |author1=Than Zaw |author2=Saw Htun |author3=Saw Htoo Tta Po |author4=Myint Maung |author5=Lynam, A. J. |author6=Kyaw Thinn Latt |author7=Duckworth, J. W. |year=2008 |title=Status and distribution of small carnivores in Myanmar |journal=Small Carnivore Conservation |issue=38 |pages=2–28 |url=http://smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/0/0c/SCC38_ThanZaw_et_al.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150428015546/http://smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/0/0c/SCC38_ThanZaw_et_al.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2015-04-28}}</ref>
In Thailand's [[Khao Yai National Park]], several individuals were observed feeding in a [[ficus|fig]] tree and on a [[Gnetum|vine]].<ref name=Nettlebeck>{{cite journal |last=Nettlebeck |first=A. R. |year=1997 |title=Sightings of Binturongs ''Arctictis binturong'' in the Khao Yai National Park, Thailand |journal=Small Carnivore Conservation |issue=16 |pages=21–24 |url=http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129212012/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-date=2015-01-29}}</ref>
In Laos, they have been observed in extensive evergreen forest.<ref name=Duckworth1997>{{cite journal |last=Duckwort |first=J. W. |year=1997 |title=Small carnivores in Laos: a status review with notes on ecology, behaviour and conservation |journal=Small Carnivore Conservation |issue=16 |pages=1–21 |url=http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129212012/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-date=2015-01-29}}</ref>
In Malaysia, binturongs were recorded in secondary forest surrounding a palm estate that was logged in the 1970s.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Azlan |first=J. M. |year=2003 |title=The diversity and conservation of mustelids, viverrids, and herpestids in a disturbed forest in Peninsular Malaysia |journal=Small Carnivore Conservation |issue=29 |pages=8–9 |url=http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/9/90/Number_29.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129210312/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/9/90/Number_29.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-date=2015-01-29 }}</ref>
In Palawan, it inhabits primary and secondary lowland forest, including grassland–forest mosaic from sea level to {{cvt|400|m}}.<ref>{{cite book |author=Rabor, D. S. |year=1986 |title=Guide to the Philippine flora and fauna |publisher=Natural Resources Management Centre, Ministry of Natural Resources and University of the Philippines |location=Manila}}</ref>
==Ecology and behavior==
[[File:Binturong (Arctictis binturong) camera trapped at a feeding platform on a fruiting Ficus at Pakke tiger reserve.JPG|thumb|Binturong photographed by a camera trap at a feeding platform on a fruiting ''[[Ficus]]'']]
The binturong is active during the day and at night.<ref name=Nettlebeck/><ref name=Duckworth1997/> Three sightings in [[Pakke Tiger Reserve]] were by day.<ref name=Datta1999>Datta, A. (1999). ''Small carnivores in two protected areas of Arunachal Pradesh.'' Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 96: 399–404.</ref> [[Camera trap]]s set up in Myanmar captured thirteen animals, one around dusk, seven at night and five in broad daylight. All the photographs were of single [[animal]]s, and all were taken on the ground. Because binturongs are not very nimble, they may have to descend to the ground relatively frequently when moving between trees.<ref name=Than/>
Five [[Radio telemetry|radio-collared]] binturongs in the [[Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary]] exhibited an arrhythmic activity dominated by [[crepuscular]] and nocturnal tendencies with peaks in the early morning and late evening. Reduced inactivity periods occurred from midday to late afternoon. They moved between {{cvt|25|m}} and {{cvt|2698|m}} daily in the dry season and increased their daily movement to {{cvt|4143|m}} in the wet season. Ranges sizes of males varied between {{cvt|0.9|and|6.1|km2}}. Two males showed slightly larger ranges in the wet season. Their ranges overlapped between 30 and 70%.<ref name= Grassman/> The average home range of a radio-collared female in the [[Khao Yai National Park]] was estimated at {{cvt|4|km2}}, and the one of a male at {{cvt|4.5|to|20.5|km2}}.<ref>{{cite thesis |author=Austin, S. C. |year=2002 |title=Ecology of sympatric carnivores in the Khao Yai National Park, Thailand |type=PhD thesis |publisher=Texas University}}</ref>
The binturong is essentially [[arboreal]]. [[Reginald Innes Pocock|Pocock]] observed the behaviour of several captive individuals in the [[London Zoological Gardens]]. When resting, they lay curled up with their heads tucked under their tails. They seldom leaped, but climbed skilfully, albeit slowly, progressing with equal ease and confidence along the upper side of branches or, upside down, beneath them. The prehensile tail was always ready as an aid. They descended the vertical bars of the cage head first, gripping them between their paws and using the prehensile tail as a check. They growled fiercely when irritated, and when on the prowl they periodically uttered a series of low grunts or a hissing sound, made by expelling air through partially opened lips.<ref name=Pocock1939/>
The binturong uses its tail to [[animal communication|communicate]].<ref name=Story1945/> It moves about gently, clinging to a branch, often coming to a stop, and often using the tail to keep balance. It shows a pronounced [[comfort behaviour in animals|comfort behaviour]] associated with grooming the fur, shaking and licking its hair, and scratching. Shaking is the most characteristic element of comfort behaviour.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rozhnov |first1=V. V. |year=1994 |title=Notes on the behaviour and ecology of the Binturong (''Arctictis binturong'') in Vietnam |journal=Small Carnivore Conservation |volume=10 |pages=4–5 |url=http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/d/d6/Number_10.PDF |access-date=2013-03-08 |archive-date=2015-04-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429052109/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/d/d6/Number_10.PDF |url-status=dead }}</ref>
=== Diet ===
The binturong is [[omnivorous]], feeding on small mammals, [[bird]]s, fish, [[earthworms]], [[insects]] and fruits.<ref name=Blanford>{{cite book |author=Blanford, W. T. |year=1888–91 |chapter=57. ''Arctictis binturong'' |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/mammalia00blan#page/117/mode/1up |pages=117–119 |title=The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma |volume=((Mammalia)) |publisher=Taylor and Francis |location=London}}</ref> It also preys on [[rodent]]s.<ref name=Lekagul/> Fish and earthworms are likely unimportant items in its diet, as it is neither [[Aquatic animal|aquatic]] nor [[fossorial]], coming across such prey only when opportunities present themselves. Since it does not have the attributes of a [[predator]]y mammal, most of the binturong's diet is probably of vegetable matter.<ref name=Pocock1939/> [[Common fig|Fig]]s are a major component of its diet.<ref name=Nettlebeck/><ref name=Datta1999/><ref>{{cite journal |author=Lambert, F. |year=1990 |title=Some notes on fig-eating by arboreal mammals in Malaysia |journal=Primates |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=453–458 |doi=10.1007/BF02381118 |s2cid=2911086}}</ref> Captive binturongs are particularly fond of [[Plantain (cooking)|plantain]]s, but also eat [[fowl]]s' heads and [[Egg (biology)|egg]]s.<ref name=Raffles/>
The binturong is an important agent for [[seed dispersal]], especially for those of the [[strangler fig]], because of its ability to scarify the seed's tough outer covering.<ref>{{cite journal |title=The impact of gut passage by Binturongs (''Arctictis binturong'') on seed germination |year=2013 |journal=[[The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology]] |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=417–421 |url=http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/61/61rbz417-421.pdf |author1=Colon, C. P. |author2=Campos-Arceiz, A. |name-list-style=amp }}{{Dead link|date=April 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
In captivity, the binturong's diet includes commercially prepared meat mix, [[banana]]s, [[apple]]s, [[Orange (fruit)|oranges]], canned [[peach]]es and [[mineral supplement]].<ref name=wemmer/>
===Reproduction===
The average age of [[sexual maturation]] is 30.4 months for females and 27.7 months for males. The [[estrous cycle]] of the binturong lasts 18 to 187 days, with an average of 82.5 days. [[Gestation]] lasts 84 to 99 days. Litter size in captivity varies from one to six young, with an average of two young per birth. Neonates weigh between {{cvt|280|and|340|g}}, and are often referred to as {{Not a typo|shruggles}}. [[Fertility]] lasts until 15 years of age.<ref name=wemmer>{{Cite journal |author=Wemmer, C. |author2=Murtaugh, J. |title=Copulatory behavior and reproduction in the Binturong, ''Arctictis binturong'' |journal=Journal of Mammalogy |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=342–352 |year=1981 |jstor=1380710 |doi=10.2307/1380710 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
The maximum known lifespan in captivity is thought to be over 25 years of age.<ref name=Macdonald>{{cite book |author=Macdonald, D.W. |year=2009 |title=The Encyclopedia of Mammals |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |pages= |chapter= |chapter-url= |isbn=}}</ref>
==Threats==
[[File:DSC05941.JPG|right|thumb|Young binturong kept as a pet by [[Orang Asli]] at [[Taman Negara]], Malaysia]]
Major threats to the binturong are habitat loss and [[Environmental degradation|degradation]] of forests through [[logging]] and conversion of forests to non-forest land-uses throughout the binturong's range. Habitat loss has been severe in the lowlands of the [[Sunda Islands|Sunda]]ic part of its range, and there is no evidence that the binturong uses the plantations that are largely replacing natural forest. In China, rampant [[deforestation]] and opportunistic logging practices have fragmented suitable habitat or eliminated sites altogether. In the Philippines, it is captured for the [[wildlife trade#Illegal wildlife trade|wildlife trade]], and in the south of its range it is also taken for human consumption. In Laos, it is one of the most frequently displayed caged live carnivores and skins are traded frequently in at least [[Vientiane]]. In parts of Laos, it is considered a delicacy and also traded as a food item to Vietnam.<ref name=iucn />
The [[Orang Asli]] of Malaysia has the tradition of keeping binturongs as pets.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-27|title=Creature Feature: The Binturong {{!}} Redbrick Sci&Tech|url=https://www.redbrick.me/creature-feature-the-binturong/|access-date=2021-10-01|website=Redbrick|archive-date=2021-10-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001202655/https://www.redbrick.me/creature-feature-the-binturong/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Abdullah|first1=Mohd Tajuddin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QLAmEAAAQBAJ|title=Resource Use and Sustainability of Orang Asli: Indigenous Communities in Peninsular Malaysia|last2=Bartholomew|first2=Candyrilla Vera|last3=Mohammad|first3=Aqilah|date=2021-05-01|publisher=Springer Nature|isbn=978-3-030-64961-6|language=en|access-date=2021-10-01|archive-date=2023-04-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401180746/https://books.google.com/books?id=QLAmEAAAQBAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
The binturong is also sometimes kept captive for production of [[kopi luwak]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-10-13 |title=What is a binturong? |url=https://news.mongabay.com/2016/10/its-a-bear-its-a-cat-no-its-a-binturong-and-its-threatened/ |access-date=2024-04-12 |website=Mongabay Environmental News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Milman |first=Oliver |date=2012-11-19 |title=World's most expensive coffee tainted by 'horrific' civet abuse |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/nov/19/civet-coffee-abuse-campaigners |access-date=2024-04-12 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
== Conservation ==
[[File:CZ Binturong.jpg|thumb|Captive binturong at the [[Cincinnati Zoo]]]]
The binturong is included in [[CITES Appendix III]] and in Schedule I of the Indian [[Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972]], so that it has the highest level of protection. In China, it is listed as critically endangered. It is completely protected in Bangladesh, and partially in Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam and Indonesia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of protected mammalian species (citation in indonesian) |date=2018 |author=BKSDA Sulawesi Selatan |url=https://ksdasulsel.menlhk.go.id/post/126/daftar-satwa-mamalia-dilindungi-indonesia-permen-202018-menteri-lhk |website=Enironmental Agency of South Sulawesi |access-date=2024-04-05 |archive-date=2024-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111110420/https://ksdasulsel.menlhk.go.id/post/126/daftar-satwa-mamalia-dilindungi-indonesia-permen-202018-menteri-lhk |url-status=live}}</ref> It is not protected in Brunei.<ref name=iucn />
World Binturong Day is a yearly event held in several zoos and is dedicated to binturong awareness and conservation. It takes place every second Saturday of May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Focus sur : la Journée Mondiale du Binturong |date=2023 |author=ABConservation |url=https://www.abconservation.org/evenements/ |website=ABConservation |access-date=2020-05-10 |archive-date=2023-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401180722/https://www.abconservation.org/fr/evenements/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
=== In captivity ===
Binturongs are common in zoos, and captive individuals represent a source of [[genetic diversity]] essential for long-term conservation. Their geographic origin is either usually unknown, or they are offspring of several generations of captive-bred animals.<ref name=Cosson2007/>
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{Wikispecies|Arctictis binturong }}
{{Commons category|Arctictis binturong}}
* {{cite web |website=Zooborns |title=Bearcat |date=2008 |url=http://www.zooborns.typepad.com/zooborns/bearcat/}}
* {{cite web |website=Wildlife Waystation |author=Bird, K. |date=2005 |title=Binturong |url=http://www.wildlifewaystation.org/wws/animals/item.php?id=14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223151818/http://www.wildlifewaystation.org/wws/animals/item.php?id=14 |archive-date=2007-12-23 }}
* {{cite web |website=ABConservation |url=http://www.abconservation.org |title=L'association Arctictis Binturong Conservation}}
* {{cite EB1911|short=1|wstitle=Binturong}}
{{Carnivora|V.}}
{{Feliformia|F.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q213141}}
[[Category:Viverrids]]
[[Category:Carnivorans of Asia]]
[[Category:Mammals of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Mammals of Bhutan]]
[[Category:Mammals of China]]
[[Category:Mammals of India]]
[[Category:Mammals of Southeast Asia]]
[[Category:Carnivorans of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Vulnerable fauna of Asia]]
[[Category:Mammals described in 1821]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Thomas Stamford Raffles]]
[[Category:Carnivorans of Borneo]]' |
All external links in the new text (all_links) | [
0 => 'http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14000273',
1 => 'http://www.google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA549',
2 => 'https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62265494',
3 => 'https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/41690/45217088',
4 => 'https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41690A45217088.en',
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Asian mammal also known as a bearcat</div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033289096">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Bear cat" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Bearcat_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Bearcat (disambiguation)">Bearcat (disambiguation)</a>.</div>
<p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1219595023">html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}</style>
</p>
<table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%">
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Binturong
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Binturong_in_Overloon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Binturong_in_Overloon.jpg/220px-Binturong_in_Overloon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Binturong_in_Overloon.jpg/330px-Binturong_in_Overloon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Binturong_in_Overloon.jpg/440px-Binturong_in_Overloon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="545" /></a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">In the Zoo Parc <a href="/wiki/Overloon" title="Overloon">Overloon</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">
<th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Status_iucn3.1_VU.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_VU.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Status_iucn3.1_VU.svg/330px-Status_iucn3.1_VU.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Status_iucn3.1_VU.svg/440px-Status_iucn3.1_VU.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="137" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Vulnerable_species" title="Vulnerable species">Vulnerable</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN 3.1</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2">[2]</a></sup></small></div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Arctictis" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>Domain:
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Kingdom:
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Phylum:
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Class:
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Order:
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora">Carnivora</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Suborder:
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Feliformia" title="Feliformia">Feliformia</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Family:
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Viverridae" title="Viverridae">Viverridae</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Subfamily:
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Paradoxurinae" title="Paradoxurinae">Paradoxurinae</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Genus:
</td>
<td><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Arctictis</i></a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Coenraad_Jacob_Temminck" title="Coenraad Jacob Temminck">Temminck</a>, 1824</small>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Species:
</td>
<td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>A. binturong<sup id="cite_ref-msw3_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msw3-1">[1]</a></sup></b></i></div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Arctictis binturong<sup id="cite_ref-msw3_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msw3-1">[1]</a></sup></i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Thomas_Stamford_Raffles" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Stamford Raffles">Raffles</a>, 1822)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Binturong_area.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Binturong_area.png/220px-Binturong_area.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Binturong_area.png 1.5x" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="303" /></a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Binturong range
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>The <b>Binturong</b> (<i><b>Arctictis binturong</b></i>) (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/tj/: 't' in 'tune'">tj</span><span title="/ʊər/: 'our' in 'tour'">ʊər</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="/ŋ/: 'ng' in 'sing'">ŋ</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/tj/: 't' in 'tune'">tj</span><span title="/ʊr/: 'our' in 'courier'">ʊr</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="/ŋ/: 'ng' in 'sing'">ŋ</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">bin-<span style="font-size:90%">TURE</span>-ong, <span style="font-size:90%">BIN</span>-ture-ong</i></a>), also known as the <b>bearcat</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Viverridae" title="Viverridae">viverrid</a> native to <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>. It is uncommon in much of its range, and has been assessed as <a href="/wiki/Vulnerable_species" title="Vulnerable species">Vulnerable</a> on the <a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List</a> because of a declining population. It is estimated to have declined at least 30% since the mid-1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2">[2]</a></sup> The binturong is the only species in the genus <i><b>Arctictis</b></i>.
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Etymology"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Taxonomy"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Taxonomy</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Characteristics"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Characteristics</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Distribution_and_habitat"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Distribution and habitat</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Ecology_and_behavior"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Ecology and behavior</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Diet"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Diet</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Reproduction"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Reproduction</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Threats"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Threats</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Conservation"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Conservation</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#In_captivity"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">In captivity</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Etymology">Etymology</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binturong&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>"Binturong" is its common name in Borneo, and is related to the Western <a href="/wiki/Malayo-Polynesian_languages" title="Malayo-Polynesian languages">Malayo-Polynesian</a> root "ma-tuRun".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Riau" title="Riau">Riau</a>, it is called "benturong" and "tenturun".<sup id="cite_ref-dict_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dict-4">[4]</a></sup>
</p><p>The scientific name <i>Arctictis</i> means 'bear-weasel', from the Greek <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%84%CF%81%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82" class="extiw" title="wikt:ἄρκτος">arkt-</a></i> "bear" + <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%B4%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82" class="extiw" title="wikt:ἴκτις">iktis</a></i> "weasel".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup>
Hehe
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binturong&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p><i>Viverra binturong</i> was the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific name">scientific name</a> proposed by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Stamford_Raffles" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Stamford Raffles">Thomas Stamford Raffles</a> in 1822 for a specimen from <a href="/wiki/Malacca" title="Malacca">Malacca</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Raffles_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raffles-6">[6]</a></sup> The generic name <i>Arctictis</i> was proposed by <a href="/wiki/Coenraad_Jacob_Temminck" title="Coenraad Jacob Temminck">Coenraad Jacob Temminck</a> in 1824.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> <i>Arctictis</i> is a <a href="/wiki/Monotypic_taxon" title="Monotypic taxon">monotypic taxon</a>; its <a href="/wiki/Morphology_(biology)" title="Morphology (biology)">morphology</a> is similar to that of members of the genera <i><a href="/wiki/Paradoxurus" title="Paradoxurus">Paradoxurus</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Masked_palm_civet" title="Masked palm civet">Paguma</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pocock1939_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pocock1939-8">[8]</a></sup>
</p><p>In the 19th and 20th centuries, the following zoological specimens were described:<sup id="cite_ref-ems66_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ems66-9">[9]</a></sup>
</p>
<ul><li><i>Paradoxurus albifrons</i> proposed by <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Cuvier" title="Frédéric Cuvier">Frédéric Cuvier</a> in 1822 was based on a drawing of a binturong from Bhutan prepared by <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Duvaucel" title="Alfred Duvaucel">Alfred Duvaucel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup></li>
<li><i>Arctictis penicillata</i> by Temminck in 1835 were specimens from <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Palawan_binturong" title="Palawan binturong"><i>Arctictis whitei</i></a> proposed by <a href="/wiki/Joel_Asaph_Allen" title="Joel Asaph Allen">Joel Asaph Allen</a> in 1910 were skins of two female binturongs collected in <a href="/wiki/Palawan_(island)" title="Palawan (island)">Palawan Island</a> in the Philippines.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup></li>
<li><i>Arctictis pageli</i> proposed by <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Schwarz_(zoologist)" title="Ernst Schwarz (zoologist)">Ernst Schwarz</a> in 1911 was a skin and skull of a female collected in northern <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup></li>
<li><i>Arctictis gairdneri</i> proposed by <a href="/wiki/Oldfield_Thomas" title="Oldfield Thomas">Oldfield Thomas</a> in 1916 was a skull of a male binturong collected in southwestern Thailand.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup></li>
<li><i>Arctictis niasensis</i> proposed by <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Ward_Lyon_Jr." title="Marcus Ward Lyon Jr.">Marcus Ward Lyon Jr.</a> in 1916 was a binturong skin from <a href="/wiki/Nias_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Nias Island">Nias Island</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup></li>
<li><i>A. b. kerkhoveni</i> by <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Henri_Jacob_Victor_Sody" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Henri Jacob Victor Sody">Henri Jacob Victor Sody</a> in 1936 was based on specimens from <a href="/wiki/Bangka_Island" title="Bangka Island">Bangka Island</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup></li>
<li><i>A. b. menglaensis</i> by Wang and Li in 1987 was based on specimens from the <a href="/wiki/Yunnan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunnan Province">Yunnan Province</a> in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cosson2007_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cosson2007-17">[17]</a></sup></li></ul>
<p>Nine <a href="/wiki/Subspecies" title="Subspecies">subspecies</a> have been recognized forming two <a href="/wiki/Clade" title="Clade">clades</a>. The northern clade in mainland Asia is separated from the <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Islands" title="Sunda Islands">Sundaic</a> clade by the <a href="/wiki/Isthmus_of_Kra" class="mw-redirect" title="Isthmus of Kra">Isthmus of Kra</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cosson2007_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cosson2007-17">[17]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Characteristics">Characteristics</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binturong&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Binturongskull.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Binturongskull.png/220px-Binturongskull.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Binturongskull.png/330px-Binturongskull.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Binturongskull.png/440px-Binturongskull.png 2x" data-file-width="821" data-file-height="344" /></a><figcaption>Skull and dentition of the binturong, as illustrated in <a href="/wiki/Paul_Gervais" title="Paul Gervais">Paul Gervais</a>' <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Histoire naturelle des mammifères</i></span></figcaption></figure>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Binturong_skeleton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Binturong_skeleton.jpg/220px-Binturong_skeleton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Binturong_skeleton.jpg/330px-Binturong_skeleton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Binturong_skeleton.jpg/440px-Binturong_skeleton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Binturong skeleton on display in the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Osteology" title="Museum of Osteology">Museum of Osteology</a></figcaption></figure>
<p>The binturong is long and heavy, with short, stout legs. It has a thick coat of coarse black hair. The bushy and <a href="/wiki/Prehensile_tail" title="Prehensile tail">prehensile tail</a> is thick at the root, gradually tapering, and curls inwards at the tip. The <a href="/wiki/Snout" title="Snout">muzzle</a> is short and pointed, somewhat turned up at the nose, and is covered with bristly hairs, brown at the points, which lengthen as they diverge, and form a peculiar radiated circle round the face. The eyes are large, black and prominent. The ears are short, rounded, edged with white, and terminated by tufts of black hair. There are six short rounded incisors in each jaw, two canines, which are long and sharp, and six molars on each side. The hair on the legs is short and of a yellowish tinge. The feet are five-toed, with large strong claws. The soles are bare, and are <a href="/wiki/Plantigrade" title="Plantigrade">plantigrade</a>―applied to the ground throughout the whole of their length―and the hind ones are longer than the fore ones.<sup id="cite_ref-Raffles_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raffles-6">[6]</a></sup>
</p><p>In general build, the binturong is essentially like <i>Paradoxurus</i> and <i>Paguma</i>, but more massive in the length of the tail, legs and feet, in the structure of the <a href="/wiki/Scent_gland" title="Scent gland">scent glands</a>, and in the larger size of the <a href="/wiki/Rhinarium" title="Rhinarium">rhinarium</a>, which is more convex with a median groove being much narrower above the <a href="/wiki/Philtrum" title="Philtrum">philtrum</a>. The contour hairs of the coat are much longer and coarser, and the long hairs covering the whole of the back of the ears project beyond the tip as a definite tuft. The anterior <a href="/wiki/Synovial_bursa" title="Synovial bursa">bursa</a> flap of the ears is more widely and less deeply emarginate. The tail is more muscular, especially at the base and, in colour, generally like the body, but commonly paler at the base beneath. The body hairs are frequently partly whitish or buff, giving a speckled appearance to the pelage, sometimes so pale that the whole body is mostly straw-coloured or grey. The young are often paler than the adults, but the head is always closely speckled with grey or buff. The long mystacial <a href="/wiki/Vibrissae" class="mw-redirect" title="Vibrissae">vibrissae</a> are conspicuously white, and there is a white rim on the summit of the otherwise black ear. The glandular area is whitish.<sup id="cite_ref-Pocock1939_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pocock1939-8">[8]</a></sup>
</p><p>The tail is nearly as long as the head and body. The body ranges from 71 to 84 cm (28 to 33 in) and the tail is from 66 to 69 cm (26 to 27 in) long.<sup id="cite_ref-Blanford_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blanford-18">[18]</a></sup> Some captive binturongs measured from 75 to 90 cm (30 to 35 in) in head and body, with a tail of 71 cm (2 ft 4 in).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup> The mean weight of captive adult females is 21.9 kg (48 lb), with a range from 11 to 32 kg (24 to 71 lb). <a href="/wiki/Captive_animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Captive animal">Captive animals</a> often weigh more than their wild counterparts.<sup id="cite_ref-wemmer_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wemmer-20">[20]</a></sup> 12 captive female binturongs were found to weigh a mean of 24.4 kg (54 lb) while 22 males weighed a mean of 19.3 kg (43 lb).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup> In one study, the estimated mean weight of wild females was 10.5 kg (23 lb).<sup id="cite_ref-wemmer_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wemmer-20">[20]</a></sup> However, seven wild male binturongs in Thailand were found to weigh a mean of 13.3 kg (29 lb), while one female was of similar weight at 13.5 kg (30 lb).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup> One estimate of the mean body mass of wild binturongs was 15 kg (33 lb).<sup id="cite_ref-Grassman_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grassman-23">[23]</a></sup>
</p><p>Both sexes have <a href="/wiki/Scent_gland" title="Scent gland">scent glands</a>—females on either side of the <a href="/wiki/Vulva" title="Vulva">vulva</a>, and males between the <a href="/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum">scrotum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Penis" title="Penis">penis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Story1945_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Story1945-24">[24]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup> The musk glands emit an odor reminiscent of <a href="/wiki/Popcorn" title="Popcorn">popcorn</a> or corn chips, likely due to the volatile compound <a href="/wiki/2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline" title="2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline">2-acetyl-1-pyrroline</a> in the urine, which is also produced in the <a href="/wiki/Maillard_reaction" title="Maillard reaction">Maillard reaction</a> at high temperatures.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup> Unlike most other carnivorans, the male binturong does not have a <a href="/wiki/Baculum" title="Baculum">baculum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Schultz_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schultz-27">[27]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Distribution_and_habitat">Distribution and habitat</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binturong&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Distribution and habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>The binturong occurs from <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> to <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a> in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Java_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Java (island)">Java</a> in <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Palawan" title="Palawan">Palawan</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2">[2]</a></sup>
</p><p>It is confined to tall forest.<sup id="cite_ref-Lekagul_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lekagul-28">[28]</a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a>, it is common in foothills and hills with good tree cover, but less so in the forested plains. It has been recorded in <a href="/wiki/Manas_National_Park" title="Manas National Park">Manas National Park</a>, in Dulung and Kakoi Reserved Forests of the <a href="/wiki/Lakhimpur_district" title="Lakhimpur district">Lakhimpur district</a>, in the hill forests of <a href="/wiki/Karbi_Anglong" class="mw-redirect" title="Karbi Anglong">Karbi Anglong</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Cachar_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="North Cachar Hills">North Cachar Hills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cachar_district" title="Cachar district">Cachar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hailakandi_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Hailakandi District">Hailakandi Districts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></sup> It was also recorded in <a href="/wiki/Kaziranga_National_Park" title="Kaziranga National Park">Kaziranga National Park</a> in the year 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></sup>
</p><p>In Myanmar, binturongs were photographed on the ground in <a href="/wiki/Tanintharyi_Nature_Reserve" title="Tanintharyi Nature Reserve">Tanintharyi Nature Reserve</a>, at an elevation of 60 m (200 ft) in the <a href="/wiki/Hukaung_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Hukaung Valley">Hukaung Valley</a>, at elevations from 220–280 m (720–920 ft) in the <a href="/wiki/Rakhine_Yoma_Elephant_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakhine Yoma Elephant Reserve">Rakhine Yoma Elephant Reserve</a>, and at 580 m (1,900 ft) and at three other sites up to 1,190 m (3,900 ft) elevation.<sup id="cite_ref-Than_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Than-31">[31]</a></sup>
</p><p>In Thailand's <a href="/wiki/Khao_Yai_National_Park" title="Khao Yai National Park">Khao Yai National Park</a>, several individuals were observed feeding in a <a href="/wiki/Ficus" title="Ficus">fig</a> tree and on a <a href="/wiki/Gnetum" title="Gnetum">vine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nettlebeck_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nettlebeck-32">[32]</a></sup>
</p><p>In Laos, they have been observed in extensive evergreen forest.<sup id="cite_ref-Duckworth1997_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duckworth1997-33">[33]</a></sup>
In Malaysia, binturongs were recorded in secondary forest surrounding a palm estate that was logged in the 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a></sup>
</p><p>In Palawan, it inhabits primary and secondary lowland forest, including grassland–forest mosaic from sea level to 400 m (1,300 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Ecology_and_behavior">Ecology and behavior</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binturong&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ecology and behavior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Binturong_(Arctictis_binturong)_camera_trapped_at_a_feeding_platform_on_a_fruiting_Ficus_at_Pakke_tiger_reserve.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Binturong_%28Arctictis_binturong%29_camera_trapped_at_a_feeding_platform_on_a_fruiting_Ficus_at_Pakke_tiger_reserve.JPG/220px-Binturong_%28Arctictis_binturong%29_camera_trapped_at_a_feeding_platform_on_a_fruiting_Ficus_at_Pakke_tiger_reserve.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Binturong_%28Arctictis_binturong%29_camera_trapped_at_a_feeding_platform_on_a_fruiting_Ficus_at_Pakke_tiger_reserve.JPG/330px-Binturong_%28Arctictis_binturong%29_camera_trapped_at_a_feeding_platform_on_a_fruiting_Ficus_at_Pakke_tiger_reserve.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Binturong_%28Arctictis_binturong%29_camera_trapped_at_a_feeding_platform_on_a_fruiting_Ficus_at_Pakke_tiger_reserve.JPG/440px-Binturong_%28Arctictis_binturong%29_camera_trapped_at_a_feeding_platform_on_a_fruiting_Ficus_at_Pakke_tiger_reserve.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Binturong photographed by a camera trap at a feeding platform on a fruiting <i><a href="/wiki/Ficus" title="Ficus">Ficus</a></i></figcaption></figure>
<p>The binturong is active during the day and at night.<sup id="cite_ref-Nettlebeck_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nettlebeck-32">[32]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Duckworth1997_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duckworth1997-33">[33]</a></sup> Three sightings in <a href="/wiki/Pakke_Tiger_Reserve" title="Pakke Tiger Reserve">Pakke Tiger Reserve</a> were by day.<sup id="cite_ref-Datta1999_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Datta1999-36">[36]</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Camera_trap" title="Camera trap">Camera traps</a> set up in Myanmar captured thirteen animals, one around dusk, seven at night and five in broad daylight. All the photographs were of single <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">animals</a>, and all were taken on the ground. Because binturongs are not very nimble, they may have to descend to the ground relatively frequently when moving between trees.<sup id="cite_ref-Than_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Than-31">[31]</a></sup>
</p><p>Five <a href="/wiki/Radio_telemetry" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio telemetry">radio-collared</a> binturongs in the <a href="/wiki/Phu_Khieo_Wildlife_Sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary">Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary</a> exhibited an arrhythmic activity dominated by <a href="/wiki/Crepuscular" class="mw-redirect" title="Crepuscular">crepuscular</a> and nocturnal tendencies with peaks in the early morning and late evening. Reduced inactivity periods occurred from midday to late afternoon. They moved between 25 m (82 ft) and 2,698 m (8,852 ft) daily in the dry season and increased their daily movement to 4,143 m (13,593 ft) in the wet season. Ranges sizes of males varied between 0.9 and 6.1 km<sup>2</sup> (0.35 and 2.36 sq mi). Two males showed slightly larger ranges in the wet season. Their ranges overlapped between 30 and 70%.<sup id="cite_ref-Grassman_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grassman-23">[23]</a></sup> The average home range of a radio-collared female in the <a href="/wiki/Khao_Yai_National_Park" title="Khao Yai National Park">Khao Yai National Park</a> was estimated at 4 km<sup>2</sup> (1.5 sq mi), and the one of a male at 4.5 to 20.5 km<sup>2</sup> (1.7 to 7.9 sq mi).<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></sup>
</p><p>The binturong is essentially <a href="/wiki/Arboreal" class="mw-redirect" title="Arboreal">arboreal</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reginald_Innes_Pocock" title="Reginald Innes Pocock">Pocock</a> observed the behaviour of several captive individuals in the <a href="/wiki/London_Zoological_Gardens" class="mw-redirect" title="London Zoological Gardens">London Zoological Gardens</a>. When resting, they lay curled up with their heads tucked under their tails. They seldom leaped, but climbed skilfully, albeit slowly, progressing with equal ease and confidence along the upper side of branches or, upside down, beneath them. The prehensile tail was always ready as an aid. They descended the vertical bars of the cage head first, gripping them between their paws and using the prehensile tail as a check. They growled fiercely when irritated, and when on the prowl they periodically uttered a series of low grunts or a hissing sound, made by expelling air through partially opened lips.<sup id="cite_ref-Pocock1939_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pocock1939-8">[8]</a></sup>
</p><p>The binturong uses its tail to <a href="/wiki/Animal_communication" title="Animal communication">communicate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Story1945_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Story1945-24">[24]</a></sup> It moves about gently, clinging to a branch, often coming to a stop, and often using the tail to keep balance. It shows a pronounced <a href="/wiki/Comfort_behaviour_in_animals" title="Comfort behaviour in animals">comfort behaviour</a> associated with grooming the fur, shaking and licking its hair, and scratching. Shaking is the most characteristic element of comfort behaviour.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Diet">Diet</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binturong&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Diet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>The binturong is <a href="/wiki/Omnivorous" class="mw-redirect" title="Omnivorous">omnivorous</a>, feeding on small mammals, <a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">birds</a>, fish, <a href="/wiki/Earthworms" class="mw-redirect" title="Earthworms">earthworms</a>, <a href="/wiki/Insects" class="mw-redirect" title="Insects">insects</a> and fruits.<sup id="cite_ref-Blanford_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blanford-18">[18]</a></sup> It also preys on <a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">rodents</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lekagul_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lekagul-28">[28]</a></sup> Fish and earthworms are likely unimportant items in its diet, as it is neither <a href="/wiki/Aquatic_animal" title="Aquatic animal">aquatic</a> nor <a href="/wiki/Fossorial" title="Fossorial">fossorial</a>, coming across such prey only when opportunities present themselves. Since it does not have the attributes of a <a href="/wiki/Predator" class="mw-redirect" title="Predator">predatory</a> mammal, most of the binturong's diet is probably of vegetable matter.<sup id="cite_ref-Pocock1939_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pocock1939-8">[8]</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Common_fig" class="mw-redirect" title="Common fig">Figs</a> are a major component of its diet.<sup id="cite_ref-Nettlebeck_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nettlebeck-32">[32]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Datta1999_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Datta1999-36">[36]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></sup> Captive binturongs are particularly fond of <a href="/wiki/Plantain_(cooking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantain (cooking)">plantains</a>, but also eat <a href="/wiki/Fowl" title="Fowl">fowls</a>' heads and <a href="/wiki/Egg_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Egg (biology)">eggs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Raffles_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raffles-6">[6]</a></sup>
</p><p>The binturong is an important agent for <a href="/wiki/Seed_dispersal" title="Seed dispersal">seed dispersal</a>, especially for those of the <a href="/wiki/Strangler_fig" title="Strangler fig">strangler fig</a>, because of its ability to scarify the seed's tough outer covering.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a></sup>
</p><p>In captivity, the binturong's diet includes commercially prepared meat mix, <a href="/wiki/Banana" title="Banana">bananas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apple" title="Apple">apples</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">oranges</a>, canned <a href="/wiki/Peach" title="Peach">peaches</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mineral_supplement" class="mw-redirect" title="Mineral supplement">mineral supplement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wemmer_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wemmer-20">[20]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Reproduction">Reproduction</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binturong&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Reproduction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>The average age of <a href="/wiki/Sexual_maturation" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual maturation">sexual maturation</a> is 30.4 months for females and 27.7 months for males. The <a href="/wiki/Estrous_cycle" title="Estrous cycle">estrous cycle</a> of the binturong lasts 18 to 187 days, with an average of 82.5 days. <a href="/wiki/Gestation" title="Gestation">Gestation</a> lasts 84 to 99 days. Litter size in captivity varies from one to six young, with an average of two young per birth. Neonates weigh between 280 and 340 g (9.9 and 12.0 oz), and are often referred to as shruggles. <a href="/wiki/Fertility" title="Fertility">Fertility</a> lasts until 15 years of age.<sup id="cite_ref-wemmer_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wemmer-20">[20]</a></sup>
</p><p>The maximum known lifespan in captivity is thought to be over 25 years of age.<sup id="cite_ref-Macdonald_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Macdonald-41">[41]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Threats">Threats</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binturong&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Threats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Young_pet_bear_cat_in_Taman_Negara_Malaysia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Young_pet_bear_cat_in_Taman_Negara_Malaysia.jpg/220px-Young_pet_bear_cat_in_Taman_Negara_Malaysia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Young_pet_bear_cat_in_Taman_Negara_Malaysia.jpg/330px-Young_pet_bear_cat_in_Taman_Negara_Malaysia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Young_pet_bear_cat_in_Taman_Negara_Malaysia.jpg/440px-Young_pet_bear_cat_in_Taman_Negara_Malaysia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1671" data-file-height="1041" /></a><figcaption>Young binturong kept as a pet by <a href="/wiki/Orang_Asli" title="Orang Asli">Orang Asli</a> at <a href="/wiki/Taman_Negara" title="Taman Negara">Taman Negara</a>, Malaysia</figcaption></figure>
<p>Major threats to the binturong are habitat loss and <a href="/wiki/Environmental_degradation" title="Environmental degradation">degradation</a> of forests through <a href="/wiki/Logging" title="Logging">logging</a> and conversion of forests to non-forest land-uses throughout the binturong's range. Habitat loss has been severe in the lowlands of the <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Islands" title="Sunda Islands">Sundaic</a> part of its range, and there is no evidence that the binturong uses the plantations that are largely replacing natural forest. In China, rampant <a href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">deforestation</a> and opportunistic logging practices have fragmented suitable habitat or eliminated sites altogether. In the Philippines, it is captured for the <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_trade#Illegal_wildlife_trade" title="Wildlife trade">wildlife trade</a>, and in the south of its range it is also taken for human consumption. In Laos, it is one of the most frequently displayed caged live carnivores and skins are traded frequently in at least <a href="/wiki/Vientiane" title="Vientiane">Vientiane</a>. In parts of Laos, it is considered a delicacy and also traded as a food item to Vietnam.<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2">[2]</a></sup>
</p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Orang_Asli" title="Orang Asli">Orang Asli</a> of Malaysia has the tradition of keeping binturongs as pets.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a></sup>
</p><p>The binturong is also sometimes kept captive for production of <a href="/wiki/Kopi_luwak" title="Kopi luwak">kopi luwak</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Conservation">Conservation</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binturong&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Conservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CZ_Binturong.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/CZ_Binturong.jpg/220px-CZ_Binturong.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/CZ_Binturong.jpg/330px-CZ_Binturong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/CZ_Binturong.jpg/440px-CZ_Binturong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption>Captive binturong at the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Zoo" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Zoo">Cincinnati Zoo</a></figcaption></figure>
<p>The binturong is included in <a href="/wiki/CITES_Appendix_III" class="mw-redirect" title="CITES Appendix III">CITES Appendix III</a> and in Schedule I of the Indian <a href="/wiki/Wild_Life_(Protection)_Act,_1972" title="Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972">Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972</a>, so that it has the highest level of protection. In China, it is listed as critically endangered. It is completely protected in Bangladesh, and partially in Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam and Indonesia.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></sup> It is not protected in Brunei.<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2">[2]</a></sup>
</p><p>World Binturong Day is a yearly event held in several zoos and is dedicated to binturong awareness and conservation. It takes place every second Saturday of May.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="In_captivity">In captivity</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binturong&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: In captivity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>Binturongs are common in zoos, and captive individuals represent a source of <a href="/wiki/Genetic_diversity" title="Genetic diversity">genetic diversity</a> essential for long-term conservation. Their geographic origin is either usually unknown, or they are offspring of several generations of captive-bred animals.<sup id="cite_ref-Cosson2007_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cosson2007-17">[17]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binturong&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1217336898">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;">
<ol class="references">
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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2017" class="citation journal cs1">Smith, A.D. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321159978">"The Western Malayo-Polynesian Problem"</a>. <i>Oceanic Linguistics</i>. <b>56</b> (2): 435–490. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fol.2017.0021">10.1353/ol.2017.0021</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:149377092">149377092</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oceanic+Linguistics&rft.atitle=The+Western+Malayo-Polynesian+Problem&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=435-490&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fol.2017.0021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A149377092%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=A.D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F321159978&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-dict-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dict_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson1901" class="citation book cs1">Wilkinson, R.J. (1901). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/aeg2034.0001.001.umich.edu#page/192/mode/2up">"tenturun"</a>. <i>A Malay-English dictionary</i>. Hongkong, Shanghai and Yokohama: Kelly & Walsh Limited. p. 192.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=tenturun&rft.btitle=A+Malay-English+dictionary&rft.place=Hongkong%2C+Shanghai+and+Yokohama&rft.pages=192&rft.pub=Kelly+%26+Walsh+Limited&rft.date=1901&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=R.J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Faeg2034.0001.001.umich.edu%23page%2F192%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFScherren1902" class="citation book cs1">Scherren, H. (1902). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopaedicdic00lond/page/54/mode/1up">"arc-tic-tis"</a>. <i>The Encyclopædic Dictionary</i>. London: Cassell and Company. p. 54.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=arc-tic-tis&rft.btitle=The+Encyclop%C3%A6dic+Dictionary&rft.place=London&rft.pages=54&rft.pub=Cassell+and+Company&rft.date=1902&rft.aulast=Scherren&rft.aufirst=H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopaedicdic00lond%2Fpage%2F54%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Raffles-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Raffles_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Raffles_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Raffles_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFRaffles1822" class="citation journal cs1">Raffles, T. S. (1822). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/mobot31753002433594#page/253/mode/2up">"XVII. Descriptive Catalogue of a Zoological Collection, made on account of the Honourable East India Company, in the Island of Sumatra and its Vicinity, under the Direction of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Lieutenant-Governor of Fort Marlborough, with additional Notices illustrative of the Natural History of those Countries"</a>. <i>The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London</i>. <b>XIII</b>: 239–274.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Transactions+of+the+Linnean+Society+of+London&rft.atitle=XVII.+Descriptive+Catalogue+of+a+Zoological+Collection%2C+made+on+account+of+the+Honourable+East+India+Company%2C+in+the+Island+of+Sumatra+and+its+Vicinity%2C+under+the+Direction+of+Sir+Thomas+Stamford+Raffles%2C+Lieutenant-Governor+of+Fort+Marlborough%2C+with+additional+Notices+illustrative+of+the+Natural+History+of+those+Countries&rft.volume=XIII&rft.pages=239-274&rft.date=1822&rft.aulast=Raffles&rft.aufirst=T.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fmobot31753002433594%23page%2F253%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFTemminck1824" class="citation book cs1">Temminck, C. J. (1824). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5800774n/f26.item">"XVII Genre <i>Arctictis</i>"</a>. <i>Monographies de mammalogie</i>. Paris: Dufour & d'Ocagne. p. xxi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191012103322/https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5800774n/f26.item">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-10-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=XVII+Genre+Arctictis&rft.btitle=Monographies+de+mammalogie&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=xxi&rft.pub=Dufour+%26+d%27Ocagne&rft.date=1824&rft.aulast=Temminck&rft.aufirst=C.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k5800774n%2Ff26.item&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Pocock1939-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pocock1939_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pocock1939_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pocock1939_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pocock1939_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFPocock1939" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Pocock, R. I. (1939). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/PocockMammalia1/pocock1#page/n519/mode/2up">"Genus <i>Arctictis</i> Temminck"</a>. <i>The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma</i>. Vol. Mammalia. – Volume 1. London: Taylor and Francis. pp. 431–439.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Genus+Arctictis+Temminck&rft.btitle=The+fauna+of+British+India%2C+including+Ceylon+and+Burma&rft.place=London&rft.pages=431-439&rft.pub=Taylor+and+Francis&rft.date=1939&rft.aulast=Pocock&rft.aufirst=R.+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FPocockMammalia1%2Fpocock1%23page%2Fn519%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-ems66-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ems66_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFEllermanMorrison-Scott1966" class="citation book cs1">Ellerman, J. R.; Morrison-Scott, T. C. S. (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/checklistofindia00elle#page/290/mode/2up">"Genus Arctictis. Temminck, 1824"</a>. <i>Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946</i> (Second ed.). London: British Museum of Natural History. p. 290.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Genus+Arctictis.+Temminck%2C+1824&rft.btitle=Checklist+of+Palaearctic+and+Indian+mammals+1758+to+1946&rft.place=London&rft.pages=290&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=British+Museum+of+Natural+History&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Ellerman&rft.aufirst=J.+R.&rft.au=Morrison-Scott%2C+T.+C.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fchecklistofindia00elle%23page%2F290%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFCuvier,_F.1822" class="citation book cs1">Cuvier, F. (1822). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/HistoirenaturelVGeof/page/L">"Benturong"</a>. In Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, E.; Cuvier, F. (eds.). <i>Histoire naturelle des mammifères : avec des figures originales, coloriées, dessinées d'aprèsdes animaux vivans</i>. Vol. 5. Paris: A. Belin.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Benturong&rft.btitle=Histoire+naturelle+des+mammif%C3%A8res+%3A+avec+des+figures+originales%2C+colori%C3%A9es%2C+dessin%C3%A9es+d%27apr%C3%A8sdes+animaux+vivans&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=A.+Belin&rft.date=1822&rft.au=Cuvier%2C+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FHistoirenaturelVGeof%2Fpage%2FL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFTemminck,_C._J.1835" class="citation book cs1">Temminck, C. J. (1835). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/view/bsb10231975?page=364">"Arcticte Binturong – <i>Arctictis binturong</i>"</a>. <i>Monographies de Mammalogie</i>. Vol. II. Paris, Leiden: Dufour, Van der Hoek. pp. 308–311. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230401180751/https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/view/bsb10231975?page=364">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-04-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Arcticte+Binturong+%E2%80%93+Arctictis+binturong&rft.btitle=Monographies+de+Mammalogie&rft.place=Paris%2C+Leiden&rft.pages=308-311&rft.pub=Dufour%2C+Van+der+Hoek&rft.date=1835&rft.au=Temminck%2C+C.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitale-sammlungen.de%2Fde%2Fview%2Fbsb10231975%3Fpage%3D364&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFAllen,_J._A.1910" class="citation journal cs1">Allen, J. A. (1910). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/467//v2/dspace/ingest/pdfSource/bul/B028a03.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">"Mammals from Palawan Island, Philippine Islands"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</i>. <b>28</b>: 13–17. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210511201241/https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/467/v2/dspace/ingest/pdfSource/bul/B028a03.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2021-05-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Museum+of+Natural+History&rft.atitle=Mammals+from+Palawan+Island%2C+Philippine+Islands&rft.volume=28&rft.pages=13-17&rft.date=1910&rft.au=Allen%2C+J.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitallibrary.amnh.org%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F2246%2F467%2F%2Fv2%2Fdspace%2Fingest%2FpdfSource%2Fbul%2FB028a03.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1%26isAllowed%3Dy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSchwarz,_E.1911" class="citation journal cs1">Schwarz, E. (1911). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/annalsmagazineof871911lond/page/636">"Seven new Asiatic mammals with Note on the <i>Viverra fasciata</i> of Gmelin"</a>. <i>The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology</i>. 8. <b>7</b> (37): 634–640. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00222931108692986">10.1080/00222931108692986</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Annals+and+Magazine+of+Natural+History%3B+Zoology%2C+Botany%2C+and+Geology&rft.atitle=Seven+new+Asiatic+mammals+with+Note+on+the+Viverra+fasciata+of+Gmelin&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=37&rft.pages=634-640&rft.date=1911&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00222931108692986&rft.au=Schwarz%2C+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fannalsmagazineof871911lond%2Fpage%2F636&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFThomas,_O.1916" class="citation journal cs1">Thomas, O. (1916). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/annalsmagazineof8171916lond/page/270">"A new Binturong from Siam"</a>. <i>The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology</i>. 8. <b>17</b> (99): 270–271. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00222931508693780">10.1080/00222931508693780</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Annals+and+Magazine+of+Natural+History%3B+Zoology%2C+Botany%2C+and+Geology&rft.atitle=A+new+Binturong+from+Siam&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=99&rft.pages=270-271&rft.date=1916&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00222931508693780&rft.au=Thomas%2C+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fannalsmagazineof8171916lond%2Fpage%2F270&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFLyon,_M._W._Jr.1916" class="citation journal cs1">Lyon, M. W. Jr. (1916). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/proceedingsofuni521917unit/page/443">"Mammals collected by Dr. W. L. Abbott on the chain of islands lying off the western coast of Sumatra, with descriptions of twenty-eight new species and subspecies"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the United States National Museum</i>. <b>52</b> (2188): 437–462. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5479%2Fsi.00963801.52-2188.437">10.5479/si.00963801.52-2188.437</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+United+States+National+Museum&rft.atitle=Mammals+collected+by+Dr.+W.+L.+Abbott+on+the+chain+of+islands+lying+off+the+western+coast+of+Sumatra%2C+with+descriptions+of+twenty-eight+new+species+and+subspecies&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2188&rft.pages=437-462&rft.date=1916&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5479%2Fsi.00963801.52-2188.437&rft.au=Lyon%2C+M.+W.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fproceedingsofuni521917unit%2Fpage%2F443&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSody,_H._J._V.1937" class="citation book cs1">Sody, H. J. V. (1937). <i>On the mammals of Banka</i>. Leiden: Brill.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+the+mammals+of+Banka&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1937&rft.au=Sody%2C+H.+J.+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Cosson2007-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cosson2007_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cosson2007_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cosson2007_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFCosson.GrassmanZubaidVellayan_First4=S.2007" class="citation journal cs1">Cosson., L.; Grassman, L. L.; Zubaid, A.; Vellayan First4=S.; Tillier, A.; Veron, G. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130512190437/http://www.aseanbiodiversity.info/Abstract/51011947.pdf">"Genetic diversity of captive binturongs (<i>Arctictis binturong</i>, Viverridae, Carnivora): implications for conservation"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Zoology</i>. <b>271</b> (4): 386–395. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1469-7998.2006.00209.x">10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00209.x</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aseanbiodiversity.info/Abstract/51011947.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2013-05-12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Zoology&rft.atitle=Genetic+diversity+of+captive+binturongs+%28Arctictis+binturong%2C+Viverridae%2C+Carnivora%29%3A+implications+for+conservation&rft.volume=271&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=386-395&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1469-7998.2006.00209.x&rft.aulast=Cosson.&rft.aufirst=L.&rft.au=Grassman%2C+L.+L.&rft.au=Zubaid%2C+A.&rft.au=Vellayan+First4%3DS.&rft.au=Tillier%2C+A.&rft.au=Veron%2C+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aseanbiodiversity.info%2FAbstract%2F51011947.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Blanford-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Blanford_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blanford_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBlanford,_W._T.1888–91" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-year-range-abbreviated cs1-prop-long-vol">Blanford, W. T. (1888–91). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/mammalia00blan#page/117/mode/1up">"57. <i>Arctictis binturong</i>"</a>. <i>The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma</i>. Vol. Mammalia. London: Taylor and Francis. pp. 117–119.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=57.+Arctictis+binturong&rft.btitle=The+Fauna+of+British+India%2C+including+Ceylon+and+Burma&rft.place=London&rft.pages=117-119&rft.pub=Taylor+and+Francis&rft.date=1888%2F1891&rft.au=Blanford%2C+W.+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fmammalia00blan%23page%2F117%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFArivazhaganThiyagesan2001" class="citation journal cs1">Arivazhagan, C. & Thiyagesan, K. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.11609%2FJoTT.ZPJ.16.1.395-402">"Studies on the Binturongs (<i>Arctictis binturong</i>) in captivity at the Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Vandalur"</a>. <i>Zoos' Print Journal</i>. <b>16</b> (1): 395–402. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.11609%2FJoTT.ZPJ.16.1.395-402">10.11609/JoTT.ZPJ.16.1.395-402</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zoos%27+Print+Journal&rft.atitle=Studies+on+the+Binturongs+%28Arctictis+binturong%29+in+captivity+at+the+Arignar+Anna+Zoological+Park%2C+Vandalur&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=395-402&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.11609%2FJoTT.ZPJ.16.1.395-402&rft.aulast=Arivazhagan&rft.aufirst=C.&rft.au=Thiyagesan%2C+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.11609%252FJoTT.ZPJ.16.1.395-402&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-wemmer-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wemmer_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wemmer_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wemmer_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wemmer_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFWemmer,_C.Murtaugh,_J.1981" class="citation journal cs1">Wemmer, C.; Murtaugh, J. (1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1380710">"Copulatory behavior and reproduction in the Binturong, <i>Arctictis binturong</i>"</a>. <i>Journal of Mammalogy</i>. <b>62</b> (2): 342–352. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1380710">10.2307/1380710</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1380710">1380710</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mammalogy&rft.atitle=Copulatory+behavior+and+reproduction+in+the+Binturong%2C+Arctictis+binturong&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=342-352&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1380710&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1380710%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=Wemmer%2C+C.&rft.au=Murtaugh%2C+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.2307%252F1380710&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFMorescoLarsen2003" class="citation journal cs1">Moresco, A. & Larsen, R. S. (2003). "Medetomidine–ketamine–butorphanol anesthetic combinations in binturongs (<i>Arctictis binturong</i>)". <i>Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine</i>. <b>34</b> (4): 346–351. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1638%2F03-016">10.1638/03-016</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15077709">15077709</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:21990341">21990341</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Zoo+and+Wildlife+Medicine&rft.atitle=Medetomidine%E2%80%93ketamine%E2%80%93butorphanol+anesthetic+combinations+in+binturongs+%28Arctictis+binturong%29&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=346-351&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A21990341%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15077709&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1638%2F03-016&rft.aulast=Moresco&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.au=Larsen%2C+R.+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Grassman-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Grassman_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grassman_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFGrassmanTewesSilvy2005" class="citation journal cs1">Grassman, L. I. Jr.; Tewes, M. E.; Silvy, N. J. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wildlifebiology.com/Downloads/Article/489/En/grassman%20et%20al.pdf">"Ranging, habitat use and activity patterns of binturong <i>Arctictis binturong</i> and yellow-throated marten <i>Martes flavigula</i> in north-central Thailand"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Wildlife Biology</i>. <b>11</b> (1): 49–57. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2981%2F0909-6396%282005%2911%5B49%3ARHUAAP%5D2.0.CO%3B2">10.2981/0909-6396(2005)11[49:RHUAAP]2.0.CO;2</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:84370908">84370908</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120227191211/http://www.wildlifebiology.com/Downloads/Article/489/En/grassman%20et%20al.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2012-02-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wildlife+Biology&rft.atitle=Ranging%2C+habitat+use+and+activity+patterns+of+binturong+Arctictis+binturong+and+yellow-throated+marten+Martes+flavigula+in+north-central+Thailand&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=49-57&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2981%2F0909-6396%282005%2911%5B49%3ARHUAAP%5D2.0.CO%3B2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A84370908%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Grassman&rft.aufirst=L.+I.+Jr.&rft.au=Tewes%2C+M.+E.&rft.au=Silvy%2C+N.+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wildlifebiology.com%2FDownloads%2FArticle%2F489%2FEn%2Fgrassman%2520et%2520al.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Story1945-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Story1945_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Story1945_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFStory1945" class="citation journal cs1">Story, H. E. (1945). "The external genitalia and perfume gland in <i>Arctictis binturong</i>". <i>Journal of Mammalogy</i>. <b>26</b> (1): 64–66. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1375032">10.2307/1375032</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1375032">1375032</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mammalogy&rft.atitle=The+external+genitalia+and+perfume+gland+in+Arctictis+binturong&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=64-66&rft.date=1945&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1375032&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1375032%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Story&rft.aufirst=H.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFKleiman1974" class="citation journal cs1">Kleiman, D. G. (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/11098/762b65b8-b1c1-4e02-ab3e-ba2fc535ed4c.pdf">"Scent marking in the binturong, <i>Arctictis binturong</i>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Mammalogy</i>. <b>55</b> (1): 224–227. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1379278">10.2307/1379278</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1379278">1379278</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170506052931/https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/11098/762b65b8-b1c1-4e02-ab3e-ba2fc535ed4c.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-05-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mammalogy&rft.atitle=Scent+marking+in+the+binturong%2C+Arctictis+binturong&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=224-227&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1379278&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1379278%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Kleiman&rft.aufirst=D.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepository.si.edu%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F10088%2F11098%2F762b65b8-b1c1-4e02-ab3e-ba2fc535ed4c.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFGreeneWallenMorescoGoodwin2016" class="citation journal cs1">Greene, L. K.; Wallen, T. W.; Moresco, A.; Goodwin, T. E. & Drea, C. M. (2016). "Reproductive endocrine patterns and volatile urinary compounds of <i>Arctictis binturong</i>: discovering why bearcats smell like popcorn". <i>The Science of Nature</i>. <b>103</b> (5–6): 37. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016SciNa.103...37G">2016SciNa.103...37G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00114-016-1361-4">10.1007/s00114-016-1361-4</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27056047">27056047</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:16439829">16439829</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+Nature&rft.atitle=Reproductive+endocrine+patterns+and+volatile+urinary+compounds+of+Arctictis+binturong%3A+discovering+why+bearcats+smell+like+popcorn&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=5%E2%80%936&rft.pages=37&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00114-016-1361-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A16439829%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27056047&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2016SciNa.103...37G&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=L.+K.&rft.au=Wallen%2C+T.+W.&rft.au=Moresco%2C+A.&rft.au=Goodwin%2C+T.+E.&rft.au=Drea%2C+C.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Schultz-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Schultz_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSchultzLough-StevensAbreuOrr2016" class="citation journal cs1">Schultz, N. G.; Lough-Stevens, M.; Abreu, E.; Orr, T.; Dean, M. D. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6080509">"The baculum was gained and lost multiple times during mammalian evolution"</a>. <i>Integrative and Comparative Biology</i>. <b>56</b> (4): 644–656. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Ficb%2Ficw034">10.1093/icb/icw034</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6080509">6080509</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27252214">27252214</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Integrative+and+Comparative+Biology&rft.atitle=The+baculum+was+gained+and+lost+multiple+times+during+mammalian+evolution&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=644-656&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6080509%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27252214&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Ficb%2Ficw034&rft.aulast=Schultz&rft.aufirst=N.+G.&rft.au=Lough-Stevens%2C+M.&rft.au=Abreu%2C+E.&rft.au=Orr%2C+T.&rft.au=Dean%2C+M.+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6080509&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/two-new-mammalian-species-added-to-kazirangas-fauna/article67762072.ece/amp/">"Two new mammalian species added to Kaziranga's fauna"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i>. 21 January 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240204003945/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/two-new-mammalian-species-added-to-kazirangas-fauna/article67762072.ece/amp/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Two+new+mammalian+species+added+to+Kaziranga%E2%80%99s+fauna&rft.date=2024-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fother-states%2Ftwo-new-mammalian-species-added-to-kazirangas-fauna%2Farticle67762072.ece%2Famp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Nettlebeck-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nettlebeck_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nettlebeck_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nettlebeck_32-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFNettlebeck1997" class="citation journal cs1">Nettlebeck, A. R. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129212012/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF">"Sightings of Binturongs <i>Arctictis binturong</i> in the Khao Yai National Park, Thailand"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Small Carnivore Conservation</i> (16): 21–24. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2015-01-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Small+Carnivore+Conservation&rft.atitle=Sightings+of+Binturongs+Arctictis+binturong+in+the+Khao+Yai+National+Park%2C+Thailand&rft.issue=16&rft.pages=21-24&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Nettlebeck&rft.aufirst=A.+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smallcarnivoreconservation.org%2Fsccwiki%2Fimages%2F2%2F23%2FNumber_16_%2528Apr_1997%2529.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Duckworth1997-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Duckworth1997_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Duckworth1997_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFDuckwort1997" class="citation journal cs1">Duckwort, J. W. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129212012/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF">"Small carnivores in Laos: a status review with notes on ecology, behaviour and conservation"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Small Carnivore Conservation</i> (16): 1–21. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/2/23/Number_16_%28Apr_1997%29.PDF">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2015-01-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Small+Carnivore+Conservation&rft.atitle=Small+carnivores+in+Laos%3A+a+status+review+with+notes+on+ecology%2C+behaviour+and+conservation&rft.issue=16&rft.pages=1-21&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Duckwort&rft.aufirst=J.+W.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smallcarnivoreconservation.org%2Fsccwiki%2Fimages%2F2%2F23%2FNumber_16_%2528Apr_1997%2529.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFAzlan2003" class="citation journal cs1">Azlan, J. M. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129210312/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/9/90/Number_29.PDF">"The diversity and conservation of mustelids, viverrids, and herpestids in a disturbed forest in Peninsular Malaysia"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Small Carnivore Conservation</i> (29): 8–9. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/9/90/Number_29.PDF">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2015-01-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Small+Carnivore+Conservation&rft.atitle=The+diversity+and+conservation+of+mustelids%2C+viverrids%2C+and+herpestids+in+a+disturbed+forest+in+Peninsular+Malaysia&rft.issue=29&rft.pages=8-9&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Azlan&rft.aufirst=J.+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smallcarnivoreconservation.org%2Fsccwiki%2Fimages%2F9%2F90%2FNumber_29.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFRabor,_D._S.1986" class="citation book cs1">Rabor, D. S. (1986). <i>Guide to the Philippine flora and fauna</i>. Manila: Natural Resources Management Centre, Ministry of Natural Resources and University of the Philippines.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guide+to+the+Philippine+flora+and+fauna&rft.place=Manila&rft.pub=Natural+Resources+Management+Centre%2C+Ministry+of+Natural+Resources+and+University+of+the+Philippines&rft.date=1986&rft.au=Rabor%2C+D.+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Datta1999-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Datta1999_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Datta1999_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Datta, A. (1999). <i>Small carnivores in two protected areas of Arunachal Pradesh.</i> Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 96: 399–404.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFAustin,_S._C.2002" class="citation thesis cs1">Austin, S. C. (2002). <i>Ecology of sympatric carnivores in the Khao Yai National Park, Thailand</i> (PhD thesis). Texas University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Ecology+of+sympatric+carnivores+in+the+Khao+Yai+National+Park%2C+Thailand&rft.inst=Texas+University&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Austin%2C+S.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFRozhnov1994" class="citation journal cs1">Rozhnov, V. V. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150429052109/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/d/d6/Number_10.PDF">"Notes on the behaviour and ecology of the Binturong (<i>Arctictis binturong</i>) in Vietnam"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Small Carnivore Conservation</i>. <b>10</b>: 4–5. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/d/d6/Number_10.PDF">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2015-04-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Small+Carnivore+Conservation&rft.atitle=Notes+on+the+behaviour+and+ecology+of+the+Binturong+%28Arctictis+binturong%29+in+Vietnam&rft.volume=10&rft.pages=4-5&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Rozhnov&rft.aufirst=V.+V.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smallcarnivoreconservation.org%2Fsccwiki%2Fimages%2Fd%2Fd6%2FNumber_10.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFLambert,_F.1990" class="citation journal cs1">Lambert, F. (1990). "Some notes on fig-eating by arboreal mammals in Malaysia". <i>Primates</i>. <b>31</b> (3): 453–458. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF02381118">10.1007/BF02381118</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2911086">2911086</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Primates&rft.atitle=Some+notes+on+fig-eating+by+arboreal+mammals+in+Malaysia&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=453-458&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF02381118&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A2911086%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.au=Lambert%2C+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFColon,_C._P.Campos-Arceiz,_A.2013" class="citation journal cs1">Colon, C. P. & Campos-Arceiz, A. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/61/61rbz417-421.pdf">"The impact of gut passage by Binturongs (<i>Arctictis binturong</i>) on seed germination"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Raffles_Bulletin_of_Zoology" title="The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology">The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</a></i>. <b>61</b> (1): 417–421.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Raffles+Bulletin+of+Zoology&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+gut+passage+by+Binturongs+%28Arctictis+binturong%29+on+seed+germination&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=417-421&rft.date=2013&rft.au=Colon%2C+C.+P.&rft.au=Campos-Arceiz%2C+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frmbr.nus.edu.sg%2Frbz%2Fbiblio%2F61%2F61rbz417-421.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Macdonald-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Macdonald_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFMacdonald,_D.W.2009" class="citation book cs1">Macdonald, D.W. (2009). <i>The Encyclopedia of Mammals</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Mammals&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Macdonald%2C+D.W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.redbrick.me/creature-feature-the-binturong/">"Creature Feature: The Binturong | Redbrick Sci&Tech"</a>. <i>Redbrick</i>. 2019-10-27. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211001202655/https://www.redbrick.me/creature-feature-the-binturong/">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-10-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-10-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Redbrick&rft.atitle=Creature+Feature%3A+The+Binturong+%7C+Redbrick+Sci%26Tech&rft.date=2019-10-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redbrick.me%2Fcreature-feature-the-binturong%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFAbdullahBartholomewMohammad2021" class="citation book cs1">Abdullah, Mohd Tajuddin; Bartholomew, Candyrilla Vera; Mohammad, Aqilah (2021-05-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QLAmEAAAQBAJ"><i>Resource Use and Sustainability of Orang Asli: Indigenous Communities in Peninsular Malaysia</i></a>. Springer Nature. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-030-64961-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-030-64961-6"><bdi>978-3-030-64961-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230401180746/https://books.google.com/books?id=QLAmEAAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-04-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-10-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Resource+Use+and+Sustainability+of+Orang+Asli%3A+Indigenous+Communities+in+Peninsular+Malaysia&rft.pub=Springer+Nature&rft.date=2021-05-01&rft.isbn=978-3-030-64961-6&rft.aulast=Abdullah&rft.aufirst=Mohd+Tajuddin&rft.au=Bartholomew%2C+Candyrilla+Vera&rft.au=Mohammad%2C+Aqilah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQLAmEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.mongabay.com/2016/10/its-a-bear-its-a-cat-no-its-a-binturong-and-its-threatened/">"What is a binturong?"</a>. <i>Mongabay Environmental News</i>. 2016-10-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mongabay+Environmental+News&rft.atitle=What+is+a+binturong%3F&rft.date=2016-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.mongabay.com%2F2016%2F10%2Fits-a-bear-its-a-cat-no-its-a-binturong-and-its-threatened%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFMilman2012" class="citation news cs1">Milman, Oliver (2012-11-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/nov/19/civet-coffee-abuse-campaigners">"World's most expensive coffee tainted by 'horrific' civet abuse"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=World%27s+most+expensive+coffee+tainted+by+%27horrific%27+civet+abuse&rft.date=2012-11-19&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Milman&rft.aufirst=Oliver&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fenvironment%2F2012%2Fnov%2F19%2Fcivet-coffee-abuse-campaigners&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBKSDA_Sulawesi_Selatan2018" class="citation web cs1">BKSDA Sulawesi Selatan (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ksdasulsel.menlhk.go.id/post/126/daftar-satwa-mamalia-dilindungi-indonesia-permen-202018-menteri-lhk">"List of protected mammalian species (citation in indonesian)"</a>. <i>Enironmental Agency of South Sulawesi</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240111110420/https://ksdasulsel.menlhk.go.id/post/126/daftar-satwa-mamalia-dilindungi-indonesia-permen-202018-menteri-lhk">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-01-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Enironmental+Agency+of+South+Sulawesi&rft.atitle=List+of+protected+mammalian+species+%28citation+in+indonesian%29&rft.date=2018&rft.au=BKSDA+Sulawesi+Selatan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fksdasulsel.menlhk.go.id%2Fpost%2F126%2Fdaftar-satwa-mamalia-dilindungi-indonesia-permen-202018-menteri-lhk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFABConservation2023" class="citation web cs1">ABConservation (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abconservation.org/evenements/">"Focus sur : la Journée Mondiale du Binturong"</a>. <i>ABConservation</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230401180722/https://www.abconservation.org/fr/evenements/">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-04-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABConservation&rft.atitle=Focus+sur+%3A+la+Journ%C3%A9e+Mondiale+du+Binturong&rft.date=2023&rft.au=ABConservation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abconservation.org%2Fevenements%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
</ol></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binturong&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
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<div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Arctictis_binturong" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Arctictis binturong">Arctictis binturong </a></b></i>.</div></div>
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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Arctictis_binturong" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Arctictis binturong">Arctictis binturong</a></span>.</div></div>
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<ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zooborns.typepad.com/zooborns/bearcat/">"Bearcat"</a>. <i>Zooborns</i>. 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Zooborns&rft.atitle=Bearcat&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zooborns.typepad.com%2Fzooborns%2Fbearcat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBird,_K.2005" class="citation web cs1">Bird, K. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071223151818/http://www.wildlifewaystation.org/wws/animals/item.php?id=14">"Binturong"</a>. <i>Wildlife Waystation</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wildlifewaystation.org/wws/animals/item.php?id=14">the original</a> on 2007-12-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wildlife+Waystation&rft.atitle=Binturong&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Bird%2C+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wildlifewaystation.org%2Fwws%2Fanimals%2Fitem.php%3Fid%3D14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abconservation.org">"L'association Arctictis Binturong Conservation"</a>. <i>ABConservation</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABConservation&rft.atitle=L%27association+Arctictis+Binturong+Conservation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abconservation.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Binturong"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Binturong">"Binturong" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). 1911.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Binturong&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABinturong" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>
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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Extant_Carnivora_species" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1063604349">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output 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<ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li>
<li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li>
<li>Class: <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a></li>
<li>Infraclass: <a href="/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria">Eutheria</a></li>
<li>Superorder: <a href="/wiki/Laurasiatheria" title="Laurasiatheria">Laurasiatheria</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Suborder_Feliformia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suborder <a href="/wiki/Feliformia" title="Feliformia">Feliformia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African_palm_civet" title="African palm civet">Nandiniidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Nandinia" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/African_palm_civet" title="African palm civet">Nandinia</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_palm_civet" title="African palm civet">African palm civet (<i>N. binotata</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mongoose" title="Mongoose">Herpestidae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Mongooses)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Marsh_mongoose" title="Marsh mongoose">Atilax</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marsh_mongoose" title="Marsh mongoose">Marsh mongoose (<i>A. paludinosus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Bdeogale" title="Bdeogale">Bdeogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bushy-tailed_mongoose" title="Bushy-tailed mongoose">Bushy-tailed mongoose (<i>B. crassicauda</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jackson%27s_mongoose" title="Jackson's mongoose">Jackson's mongoose (<i>B. jacksoni</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Black-footed_mongoose" title="Black-footed mongoose">Black-footed mongoose (<i>B. nigripes</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Crossarchus" title="Crossarchus">Crossarchus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander%27s_kusimanse" title="Alexander's kusimanse">Alexander's kusimanse (<i>C. alexandri</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_kusimanse" title="Angolan kusimanse">Angolan kusimanse (<i>C. ansorgei</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Common_kusimanse" title="Common kusimanse">Common kusimanse (<i>C. obscurus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Flat-headed_kusimanse" title="Flat-headed kusimanse">Flat-headed kusimanse (<i>C. platycephalus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Yellow_mongoose" title="Yellow mongoose">Cynictis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_mongoose" title="Yellow mongoose">Yellow mongoose (<i>C. penicillata</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Pousargues%27s_mongoose" title="Pousargues's mongoose">Dologale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pousargues%27s_mongoose" title="Pousargues's mongoose">Pousargues's mongoose (<i>D. dybowskii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Helogale" title="Helogale">Helogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_dwarf_mongoose" title="Ethiopian dwarf mongoose">Ethiopian dwarf mongoose (<i>H. hirtula</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Common_dwarf_mongoose" title="Common dwarf mongoose">Common dwarf mongoose (<i>H. parvula</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Herpestes" title="Herpestes">Herpestes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_slender_mongoose" title="Angolan slender mongoose">Angolan slender mongoose (<i>H. flavescens</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_mongoose" title="Egyptian mongoose">Egyptian mongoose (<i>H. ichneumon</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Somalian_slender_mongoose" title="Somalian slender mongoose">Somalian slender mongoose (<i>H. ochracea</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cape_gray_mongoose" title="Cape gray mongoose">Cape gray mongoose (<i>H. pulverulenta</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Common_slender_mongoose" title="Common slender mongoose">Common slender mongoose (<i>H. sanguinea</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/White-tailed_mongoose" title="White-tailed mongoose">Ichneumia</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/White-tailed_mongoose" title="White-tailed mongoose">White-tailed mongoose (<i>I. albicauda</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Liberian_mongoose" title="Liberian mongoose">Liberiictus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberian_mongoose" title="Liberian mongoose">Liberian mongoose (<i>L. kuhni</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Mungos" title="Mungos">Mungos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_mongoose" title="Gambian mongoose">Gambian mongoose (<i>M. gambianus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Banded_mongoose" title="Banded mongoose">Banded mongoose (<i>M. mungo</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Selous%27s_mongoose" title="Selous's mongoose">Paracynictis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Selous%27s_mongoose" title="Selous's mongoose">Selous's mongoose (<i>P. selousi</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Meller%27s_mongoose" title="Meller's mongoose">Rhynchogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meller%27s_mongoose" title="Meller's mongoose">Meller's mongoose (<i>R. melleri</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Suricata" title="Suricata">Suricata</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meerkat" title="Meerkat">Meerkat (<i>S. suricatta</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Urva_(genus)" title="Urva (genus)">Urva</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small_Indian_mongoose" title="Small Indian mongoose">Small Indian mongoose (<i>U. auropunctata</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Short-tailed_mongoose" title="Short-tailed mongoose">Short-tailed mongoose (<i>U. brachyura</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Indian_grey_mongoose" title="Indian grey mongoose">Indian grey mongoose (<i>U. edwardsii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Indian_brown_mongoose" title="Indian brown mongoose">Indian brown mongoose (<i>U. fusca</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Javan_mongoose" title="Javan mongoose">Javan mongoose (<i>U. javanica</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Collared_mongoose" title="Collared mongoose">Collared mongoose (<i>U. semitorquata</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ruddy_mongoose" title="Ruddy mongoose">Ruddy mongoose (<i>U. smithii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Crab-eating_mongoose" title="Crab-eating mongoose">Crab-eating mongoose (<i>U. urva</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Stripe-necked_mongoose" title="Stripe-necked mongoose">Stripe-necked mongoose (<i>U. vitticolla</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Long-nosed_mongoose" title="Long-nosed mongoose">Xenogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long-nosed_mongoose" title="Long-nosed mongoose">Long-nosed mongoose (<i>X. naso</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hyena" title="Hyena">Hyaenidae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Hyenas)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Crocuta" title="Crocuta">Crocuta</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_hyena" title="Spotted hyena">Spotted hyena (<i>C. crocuta</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Striped_hyena" title="Striped hyena">Hyaena</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Striped_hyena" title="Striped hyena">Striped hyena (<i>H. hyaena</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Brown_hyena" title="Brown hyena">Parahyaena</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown_hyena" title="Brown hyena">Brown hyena (<i>P. brunnea</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Proteles" title="Proteles">Proteles</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aardwolf" title="Aardwolf">Aardwolf (<i>P. cristata</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Felidae" title="Felidae">Felidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Large family listed below</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Viverridae" title="Viverridae">Viverridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Large family listed below</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eupleridae" title="Eupleridae">Eupleridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Small family listed below</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Felidae" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/wiki/Felidae" title="Felidae">Felidae</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Felinae" title="Felinae">Felinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Acinonyx" title="Acinonyx">Acinonyx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheetah" title="Cheetah">Cheetah (<i>A. jubatus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Caracal_(genus)" title="Caracal (genus)">Caracal</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_golden_cat" title="African golden cat">African golden cat (<i>C. aurata</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Caracal" title="Caracal">Caracal (<i>C. caracal</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Catopuma" title="Catopuma">Catopuma</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bay_cat" title="Bay cat">Bay cat (<i>C. badia</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Asian_golden_cat" title="Asian golden cat">Asian golden cat (<i>C. temminckii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Felis" title="Felis">Felis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_mountain_cat" title="Chinese mountain cat">Chinese mountain cat (<i>F. bieti</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">Domestic cat (<i>F. catus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_cat" title="Jungle cat">Jungle cat (<i>F. chaus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/African_wildcat" title="African wildcat">African wildcat (<i>F. lybica</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sand_cat" title="Sand cat">Sand cat (<i>F. margarita</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Black-footed_cat" title="Black-footed cat">Black-footed cat (<i>F. nigripes</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/European_wildcat" title="European wildcat">European wildcat (<i>F. silvestris</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Jaguarundi" title="Jaguarundi">Herpailurus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jaguarundi" title="Jaguarundi">Jaguarundi (<i>H. yagouaroundi</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Leopardus" title="Leopardus">Leopardus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pampas_cat" title="Pampas cat">Pampas cat (<i>L. colocola</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Geoffroy%27s_cat" title="Geoffroy's cat">Geoffroy's cat (<i>L. geoffroyi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Kodkod" title="Kodkod">Kodkod (<i>L. guigna</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Leopardus_guttulus" title="Leopardus guttulus">Southern tiger cat (<i>L. guttulus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Andean_mountain_cat" title="Andean mountain cat">Andean mountain cat (<i>L. jacobita</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ocelot" title="Ocelot">Ocelot (<i>L. pardalis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Oncilla" title="Oncilla">Oncilla (<i>L. tigrinus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Margay" title="Margay">Margay (<i>L. wiedii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Serval" title="Serval">Leptailurus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serval" title="Serval">Serval (<i>L. serval</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Lynx" title="Lynx">Lynx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada_lynx" title="Canada lynx">Canada lynx (<i>L. canadensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_lynx" title="Eurasian lynx">Eurasian lynx (<i>L. lynx</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_lynx" title="Iberian lynx">Iberian lynx (<i>L. pardinus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Bobcat" title="Bobcat">Bobcat (<i>L. rufus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Pallas%27s_cat" title="Pallas's cat">Otocolobus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pallas%27s_cat" title="Pallas's cat">Pallas's cat (<i>O. manul</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Pardofelis" title="Pardofelis">Pardofelis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marbled_cat" title="Marbled cat">Marbled cat (<i>P. marmorata</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Prionailurus" title="Prionailurus">Prionailurus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leopard_cat" title="Leopard cat">Leopard cat (<i>P. bengalensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_leopard_cat" title="Sunda leopard cat">Sunda leopard cat (<i>P. javanensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Flat-headed_cat" title="Flat-headed cat">Flat-headed cat (<i>P. planiceps</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Rusty-spotted_cat" title="Rusty-spotted cat">Rusty-spotted cat (<i>P. rubiginosus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_cat" title="Fishing cat">Fishing cat (<i>P. viverrinus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Puma_(genus)" title="Puma (genus)">Puma</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cougar" title="Cougar">Cougar (<i>P. concolor</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pantherinae" title="Pantherinae">Pantherinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Panthera" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera">Panthera</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">Lion (<i>P. leo</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jaguar" title="Jaguar">Jaguar (<i>P. onca</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Leopard" title="Leopard">Leopard (<i>P. pardus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tiger" title="Tiger">Tiger (<i>P. tigris</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Snow_leopard" title="Snow leopard">Snow leopard (<i>P. uncia</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Neofelis" title="Neofelis">Neofelis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_clouded_leopard" title="Sunda clouded leopard">Sunda clouded leopard (<i>N. diardi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Clouded_leopard" title="Clouded leopard">Clouded leopard (<i>N. nebulosa</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Prionodontidae" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Asiatic_linsang" title="Asiatic linsang">Prionodontidae</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Prionodon" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;height:4em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Asiatic_linsang" title="Asiatic linsang">Prionodon</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banded_linsang" title="Banded linsang">Banded linsang (<i>P. linsang</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_linsang" title="Spotted linsang">Spotted linsang (<i>P. pardicolor</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Viverridae" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/wiki/Viverridae" title="Viverridae">Viverridae</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paradoxurinae" title="Paradoxurinae">Paradoxurinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Arctictis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Binturong (<i>A. binturong</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Small-toothed_palm_civet" title="Small-toothed palm civet">Arctogalidia</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small-toothed_palm_civet" title="Small-toothed palm civet">Small-toothed palm civet (<i>A. trivirgata</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Sulawesi_palm_civet" title="Sulawesi palm civet">Macrogalidia</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sulawesi_palm_civet" title="Sulawesi palm civet">Sulawesi palm civet (<i>M. musschenbroekii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Masked_palm_civet" title="Masked palm civet">Paguma</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masked_palm_civet" title="Masked palm civet">Masked palm civet (<i>P. larvata</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Paradoxurus" title="Paradoxurus">Paradoxurus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_palm_civet" title="Asian palm civet">Asian palm civet (<i>P. hermaphroditus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Brown_palm_civet" title="Brown palm civet">Brown palm civet (<i>P. jerdoni</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Golden_palm_civet" title="Golden palm civet">Golden palm civet (<i>P. zeylonensis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hemigalinae" title="Hemigalinae">Hemigalinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Owston%27s_palm_civet" title="Owston's palm civet">Chrotogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Owston%27s_palm_civet" title="Owston's palm civet">Owston's palm civet (<i>C. owstoni</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Otter_civet" title="Otter civet">Cynogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otter_civet" title="Otter civet">Otter civet (<i>C. bennettii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Hose%27s_palm_civet" title="Hose's palm civet">Diplogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hose%27s_palm_civet" title="Hose's palm civet">Hose's palm civet (<i>D. hosei</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Banded_palm_civet" title="Banded palm civet">Hemigalus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banded_palm_civet" title="Banded palm civet">Banded palm civet (<i>H. derbyanus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Viverrinae" title="Viverrinae">Viverrinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/African_civet" title="African civet">Civettictis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_civet" title="African civet">African civet (<i>C. civetta</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Viverra" title="Viverra">Viverra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malabar_large-spotted_civet" title="Malabar large-spotted civet">Malabar large-spotted civet (<i>V. civettina</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Large-spotted_civet" title="Large-spotted civet">Large-spotted civet (<i>V. megaspila</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Malayan_civet" title="Malayan civet">Malayan civet (<i>V. tangalunga</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Large_Indian_civet" title="Large Indian civet">Large Indian civet (<i>V. zibetha</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Small_Indian_civet" title="Small Indian civet">Viverricula</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small_Indian_civet" title="Small Indian civet">Small Indian civet (<i>V. indica</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Genettinae" title="Genettinae">Genettinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Genet_(animal)" title="Genet (animal)">Genetta</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Genets)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abyssinian_genet" title="Abyssinian genet">Abyssinian genet (<i>G. abyssinica</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_genet" title="Angolan genet">Angolan genet (<i>G. angolensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Bourlon%27s_genet" title="Bourlon's genet">Bourlon's genet (<i>G. bourloni</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Crested_servaline_genet" title="Crested servaline genet">Crested servaline genet (<i>G. cristata</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Common_genet" title="Common genet">Common genet (<i>G. genetta</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Johnston%27s_genet" title="Johnston's genet">Johnston's genet (<i>G. johnstoni</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Letaba_genet" title="Letaba genet">Letaba genet (<i>G. letabae</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Rusty-spotted_genet" title="Rusty-spotted genet">Rusty-spotted genet (<i>G. maculata</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Pardine_genet" title="Pardine genet">Pardine genet (<i>G. pardina</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Aquatic_genet" title="Aquatic genet">Aquatic genet (<i>G. piscivora</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/King_genet" title="King genet">King genet (<i>G. poensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Servaline_genet" title="Servaline genet">Servaline genet (<i>G. servalina</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hausa_genet" title="Hausa genet">Hausa genet (<i>G. thierryi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cape_genet" title="Cape genet">Cape genet (<i>G. tigrina</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Giant_forest_genet" title="Giant forest genet">Giant forest genet (<i>G. victoriae</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/South_African_small-spotted_genet" title="South African small-spotted genet">South African small-spotted genet (<i>G. felina</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Poiana_(genus)" title="Poiana (genus)">Poiana</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_oyan" title="Central African oyan">Central African oyan (<i>P. richardsonii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/West_African_oyan" title="West African oyan">West African oyan (<i>P. leightoni</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Eupleridae" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/wiki/Eupleridae" title="Eupleridae">Eupleridae</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Euplerinae" title="Euplerinae">Euplerinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Fossa_(animal)" title="Fossa (animal)">Cryptoprocta</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fossa_(animal)" title="Fossa (animal)">Fossa (<i>C. ferox</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Eupleres" title="Eupleres">Eupleres</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_falanouc" title="Eastern falanouc">Eastern falanouc (<i>E. goudotii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Western_falanouc" title="Western falanouc">Western falanouc (<i>E. major</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_civet" title="Malagasy civet">Fossa</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_civet" title="Malagasy civet">Malagasy civet (<i>F. fossana</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Galidiinae" title="Galidiinae">Galidiinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Ring-tailed_vontsira" title="Ring-tailed vontsira">Galidia</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ring-tailed_vontsira" title="Ring-tailed vontsira">Ring-tailed vontsira (<i>G. elegans</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Galidictis" title="Galidictis">Galidictis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broad-striped_Malagasy_mongoose" title="Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose">Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose (<i>G. fasciata</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Grandidier%27s_mongoose" title="Grandidier's mongoose">Grandidier's mongoose (<i>G. grandidieri</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Narrow-striped_mongoose" title="Narrow-striped mongoose">Mungotictis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narrow-striped_mongoose" title="Narrow-striped mongoose">Narrow-striped mongoose (<i>M. decemlineata</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Salanoia" title="Salanoia">Salanoia</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown-tailed_mongoose" title="Brown-tailed mongoose">Brown-tailed mongoose (<i>S. concolor</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Durrell%27s_vontsira" title="Durrell's vontsira">Durrell's vontsira (<i>S. durrelli</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Suborder_Caniformia_(cont._below)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suborder <a href="/wiki/Caniformia" title="Caniformia">Caniformia</a> <span class="nobold">(cont. below)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bear" title="Bear">Ursidae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Bears)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Ailuropoda" title="Ailuropoda">Ailuropoda</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giant_panda" title="Giant panda">Giant panda (<i>A. melanoleuca</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Sun_bear" title="Sun bear">Helarctos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun_bear" title="Sun bear">Sun bear (<i>H. malayanus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Sloth_bear" title="Sloth bear">Melursus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sloth_bear" title="Sloth bear">Sloth bear (<i>M. ursinus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Spectacled_bear" title="Spectacled bear">Tremarctos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spectacled_bear" title="Spectacled bear">Spectacled bear (<i>T. ornatus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Ursus_(mammal)" title="Ursus (mammal)">Ursus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_black_bear" title="American black bear">American black bear (<i>U. americanus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Brown_bear" title="Brown bear">Brown bear (<i>U. arctos</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Polar_bear" title="Polar bear">Polar bear (<i>U. maritimus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Asian_black_bear" title="Asian black bear">Asian black bear (<i>U. thibetanus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mephitidae" title="Mephitidae">Mephitidae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Skunk" title="Skunk">Skunks</a>)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Hog-nosed_skunk" title="Hog-nosed skunk">Conepatus</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Hog-nosed<br />skunks)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Molina%27s_hog-nosed_skunk" title="Molina's hog-nosed skunk">Molina's hog-nosed skunk (<i>C. chinga</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Humboldt%27s_hog-nosed_skunk" title="Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk">Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk (<i>C. humboldtii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/American_hog-nosed_skunk" title="American hog-nosed skunk">American hog-nosed skunk (<i>C. leuconotus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Striped_hog-nosed_skunk" title="Striped hog-nosed skunk">Striped hog-nosed skunk (<i>C. semistriatus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Mephitis_(genus)" title="Mephitis (genus)">Mephitis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hooded_skunk" title="Hooded skunk">Hooded skunk (<i>M. macroura</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Striped_skunk" title="Striped skunk">Striped skunk (<i>M. mephitis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Stink_badger" title="Stink badger">Mydaus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_stink_badger" title="Sunda stink badger">Sunda stink badger (<i>M. javanensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Palawan_stink_badger" title="Palawan stink badger">Palawan stink badger (<i>M. marchei</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Spotted_skunk" title="Spotted skunk">Spilogale</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Spotted skunks)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_spotted_skunk" title="Southern spotted skunk">Southern spotted skunk (<i>S. angustifrons</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Western_spotted_skunk" title="Western spotted skunk">Western spotted skunk (<i>S. gracilis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_spotted_skunk" title="Eastern spotted skunk">Eastern spotted skunk (<i>S. putorius</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_spotted_skunk" title="Pygmy spotted skunk">Pygmy spotted skunk (<i>S. pygmaea</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Procyonidae" title="Procyonidae">Procyonidae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Raccoons, coatis, olingos)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Bassaricyon" title="Bassaricyon">Bassaricyon</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Olingos)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_lowland_olingo" title="Eastern lowland olingo">Eastern lowland olingo (<i>B. alleni</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Northern_olingo" title="Northern olingo">Northern olingo (<i>B. gabbii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Western_lowland_olingo" title="Western lowland olingo">Western lowland olingo (<i>B. medius</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Olinguito" title="Olinguito">Olinguito (<i>B. neblina</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Bassariscus" title="Bassariscus">Bassariscus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ringtail" title="Ringtail">Ringtail (<i>B. astutus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cacomistle" title="Cacomistle">Cacomistle (<i>B. sumichrasti</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Nasua" title="Nasua">Nasua</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Coati" title="Coati">Coatis</a> inclusive)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/White-nosed_coati" title="White-nosed coati">White-nosed coati (<i>N. narica</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/South_American_coati" title="South American coati">South American coati (<i>N. nasua</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Nasuella" title="Nasuella">Nasuella</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Coati" title="Coati">Coatis</a> inclusive)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasuella_meridensis" title="Nasuella meridensis">Eastern mountain coati (<i>N. meridensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Nasuella_olivacea" title="Nasuella olivacea">Western mountain coati (<i>N. olivacea</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Kinkajou" title="Kinkajou">Potos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kinkajou" title="Kinkajou">Kinkajou (<i>P. flavus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Procyon_(genus)" title="Procyon (genus)">Procyon</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crab-eating_raccoon" title="Crab-eating raccoon">Crab-eating raccoon (<i>P. cancrivorus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Raccoon" title="Raccoon">Raccoon (<i>P. lotor</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cozumel_raccoon" title="Cozumel raccoon">Cozumel raccoon (<i>P. pygmaeus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ailuridae" title="Ailuridae">Ailuridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ailurus" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Red_panda" title="Red panda">Ailurus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_panda" title="Red panda">Red panda (<i>A. fulgens</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Suborder_Caniformia_(cont._above)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suborder <a href="/wiki/Caniformia" title="Caniformia">Caniformia</a> <span class="nobold">(cont. above)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eared_seal" title="Eared seal">Otariidae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Eared seals)</span></span></small><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(includes <a href="/wiki/Fur_seal" title="Fur seal">fur seals</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Sea_lion" title="Sea lion">sea lions</a>)</span></span></small><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Pinniped" title="Pinniped">Pinniped</a> inclusive)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Arctocephalus" title="Arctocephalus">Arctocephalus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_American_fur_seal" title="South American fur seal">South American fur seal (<i>A. australis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Arctocephalus_forsteri" title="Arctocephalus forsteri">Australasian fur seal (<i>A. forsteri</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Gal%C3%A1pagos_fur_seal" title="Galápagos fur seal">Galápagos fur seal (<i>A. galapagoensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_fur_seal" title="Antarctic fur seal">Antarctic fur seal (<i>A. gazella</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Fern%C3%A1ndez_fur_seal" title="Juan Fernández fur seal">Juan Fernández fur seal (<i>A. philippii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Brown_fur_seal" title="Brown fur seal">Brown fur seal (<i>A. pusillus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Guadalupe_fur_seal" title="Guadalupe fur seal">Guadalupe fur seal (<i>A. townsendi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Subantarctic_fur_seal" title="Subantarctic fur seal">Subantarctic fur seal (<i>A. tropicalis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Northern_fur_seal" title="Northern fur seal">Callorhinus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_fur_seal" title="Northern fur seal">Northern fur seal (<i>C. ursinus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Steller_sea_lion" title="Steller sea lion">Eumetopias</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steller_sea_lion" title="Steller sea lion">Steller sea lion (<i>E. jubatus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Neophoca" title="Neophoca">Neophoca</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_sea_lion" title="Australian sea lion">Australian sea lion (<i>N. cinerea</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/South_American_sea_lion" title="South American sea lion">Otaria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_American_sea_lion" title="South American sea lion">South American sea lion (<i>O. flavescens</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_sea_lion" title="New Zealand sea lion">Phocarctos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_sea_lion" title="New Zealand sea lion">New Zealand sea lion (<i>P. hookeri</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Zalophus" title="Zalophus">Zalophus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_sea_lion" title="California sea lion">California sea lion (<i>Z. californianus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Gal%C3%A1pagos_sea_lion" title="Galápagos sea lion">Galápagos sea lion (<i>Z. wollebaeki</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Odobenidae" title="Odobenidae">Odobenidae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Pinniped" title="Pinniped">Pinniped</a> inclusive)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Odobenus" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;height:4em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Walrus" title="Walrus">Odobenus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walrus" title="Walrus">Walrus (<i>O. rosmarus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Earless_seal" title="Earless seal">Phocidae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Earless seals)</span></span></small><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Pinniped" title="Pinniped">Pinniped</a> inclusive)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Hooded_seal" title="Hooded seal">Cystophora</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hooded_seal" title="Hooded seal">Hooded seal (<i>C. cristata</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Bearded_seal" title="Bearded seal">Erignathus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bearded_seal" title="Bearded seal">Bearded seal (<i>E. barbatus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Grey_seal" title="Grey seal">Halichoerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grey_seal" title="Grey seal">Grey seal (<i>H. grypus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Ribbon_seal" title="Ribbon seal">Histriophoca</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ribbon_seal" title="Ribbon seal">Ribbon seal (<i>H. fasciata</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Leopard_seal" title="Leopard seal">Hydrurga</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leopard_seal" title="Leopard seal">Leopard seal (<i>H. leptonyx</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Weddell_seal" title="Weddell seal">Leptonychotes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Weddell_seal" title="Weddell seal">Weddell seal (<i>L. weddellii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Crabeater_seal" title="Crabeater seal">Lobodon</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crabeater_seal" title="Crabeater seal">Crabeater seal (<i>L. carcinophagus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Elephant_seal" title="Elephant seal">Mirounga</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Elephant seals)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_elephant_seal" title="Northern elephant seal">Northern elephant seal (<i>M. angustirostris</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Southern_elephant_seal" title="Southern elephant seal">Southern elephant seal (<i>M. leonina</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Monk_seal" title="Monk seal">Monachus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_monk_seal" title="Mediterranean monk seal">Mediterranean monk seal (<i>M. monachus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Neomonachus" title="Neomonachus">Neomonachus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_monk_seal" title="Hawaiian monk seal">Hawaiian monk seal (<i>N. schauinslandi</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Ross_seal" title="Ross seal">Ommatophoca</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ross_seal" title="Ross seal">Ross seal (<i>O. rossi</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Harp_seal" title="Harp seal">Pagophilus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harp_seal" title="Harp seal">Harp seal (<i>P. groenlandicus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Phoca" title="Phoca">Phoca</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_seal" title="Spotted seal">Spotted seal (<i>P. largha</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Harbor_seal" title="Harbor seal">Harbor seal (<i>P. vitulina</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Pusa" title="Pusa">Pusa</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_seal" title="Caspian seal">Caspian seal (<i>P. caspica</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ringed_seal" title="Ringed seal">Ringed seal (<i>P. hispida</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Baikal_seal" title="Baikal seal">Baikal seal (<i>P. sibirica</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canidae" title="Canidae">Canidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Large family listed below</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mustelidae" title="Mustelidae">Mustelidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Large family listed below</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Canidae_(includes_dogs)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/wiki/Canidae" title="Canidae">Canidae</a> <small>(includes <a href="/wiki/Dog" title="Dog">dogs</a>)</small></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Short-eared_dog" title="Short-eared dog">Atelocynus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Short-eared_dog" title="Short-eared dog">Short-eared dog (<i>A. microtis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Canis" title="Canis">Canis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_jackal" title="Golden jackal">Golden jackal (<i>C. aureus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Dog" title="Dog">Domestic dog (<i>C. familiaris</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Coyote" title="Coyote">Coyote (<i>C. latrans</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/African_wolf" title="African wolf">African wolf (<i>C. lupaster</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Wolf" title="Wolf">Wolf (<i>C. lupus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_wolf" title="Eastern wolf">Eastern wolf (<i>C. lycaon</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Red_wolf" title="Red wolf">Red wolf (<i>C. rufus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_wolf" title="Ethiopian wolf">Ethiopian wolf (<i>C. simensis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Crab-eating_fox" title="Crab-eating fox">Cerdocyon</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crab-eating_fox" title="Crab-eating fox">Crab-eating fox (<i>C. thous</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Maned_wolf" title="Maned wolf">Chrysocyon</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maned_wolf" title="Maned wolf">Maned wolf (<i>C. brachyurus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Dhole" title="Dhole">Cuon</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhole" title="Dhole">Dhole (<i>C. alpinus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Lupulella" title="Lupulella">Lupulella</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Side-striped_jackal" title="Side-striped jackal">Side-striped jackal (<i>L. adustus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Black-backed_jackal" title="Black-backed jackal">Black-backed jackal (<i>L. mesomelas</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/South_American_fox" title="South American fox">Lycalopex</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culpeo" title="Culpeo">Culpeo (<i>L. culpaeus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Darwin%27s_fox" title="Darwin's fox">Darwin's fox (<i>L. fulvipes</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/South_American_gray_fox" title="South American gray fox">South American gray fox (<i>L. griseus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Pampas_fox" title="Pampas fox">Pampas fox (<i>L. gymnocercus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sechuran_fox" title="Sechuran fox">Sechuran fox (<i>L. sechurae</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hoary_fox" title="Hoary fox">Hoary fox (<i>L. vetulus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/African_wild_dog" title="African wild dog">Lycaon</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_wild_dog" title="African wild dog">African wild dog (<i>L. pictus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Nyctereutes" title="Nyctereutes">Nyctereutes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_raccoon_dog" title="Common raccoon dog">Common raccoon dog (<i>N. procyonoides</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_raccoon_dog" title="Japanese raccoon dog">Japanese raccoon dog (<i>N. viverrinus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Bat-eared_fox" title="Bat-eared fox">Otocyon</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bat-eared_fox" title="Bat-eared fox">Bat-eared fox (<i>O. megalotis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Speothos" title="Speothos">Speothos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bush_dog" title="Bush dog">Bush dog (<i>S. venaticus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Urocyon" title="Urocyon">Urocyon</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gray_fox" title="Gray fox">Gray fox (<i>U. cinereoargenteus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Island_fox" title="Island fox">Island fox (<i>U. littoralis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Vulpes" title="Vulpes">Vulpes</a></i> <br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Fox" title="Fox">Foxes</a>)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_fox" title="Bengal fox">Bengal fox (<i>V. bengalensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Blanford%27s_fox" title="Blanford's fox">Blanford's fox (<i>V. cana</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cape_fox" title="Cape fox">Cape fox (<i>V. chama</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Corsac_fox" title="Corsac fox">Corsac fox (<i>V. corsac</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_fox" title="Tibetan fox">Tibetan fox (<i>V. ferrilata</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_fox" title="Arctic fox">Arctic fox (<i>V. lagopus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Kit_fox" title="Kit fox">Kit fox (<i>V. macrotis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Pale_fox" title="Pale fox">Pale fox (<i>V. pallida</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCppell%27s_fox" title="Rüppell's fox">Rüppell's fox (<i>V. rueppelli</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Swift_fox" title="Swift fox">Swift fox (<i>V. velox</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Red_fox" title="Red fox">Red fox (<i>V. vulpes</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Fennec_fox" title="Fennec fox">Fennec fox (<i>V. zerda</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Mustelidae" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/wiki/Mustelidae" title="Mustelidae">Mustelidae</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ferret-badger" title="Ferret-badger">Helictidinae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Ferret-badgers)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Melogale" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;height:4em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Ferret-badger" title="Ferret-badger">Melogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_ferret-badger" title="Vietnam ferret-badger">Vietnam ferret-badger (<i>M. cucphuongensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Bornean_ferret_badger" title="Bornean ferret badger">Bornean ferret badger (<i>M. everetti</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_ferret-badger" title="Chinese ferret-badger">Chinese ferret-badger (<i>M. moschata</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Javan_ferret-badger" title="Javan ferret-badger">Javan ferret-badger (<i>M. orientalis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_ferret-badger" title="Burmese ferret-badger">Burmese ferret-badger (<i>M. personata</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Formosan_ferret-badger" title="Formosan ferret-badger">Formosan ferret-badger (<i>M. subaurantiaca</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Guloninae" title="Guloninae">Guloninae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Martens and wolverines)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Tayra" title="Tayra">Eira</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tayra" title="Tayra">Tayra (<i>E. barbara</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Gulo" title="Gulo">Gulo</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wolverine" title="Wolverine">Wolverine (<i>G. gulo</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Marten" title="Marten">Martes</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Martens)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_marten" title="American marten">American marten (<i>M. americana</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_marten" title="Pacific marten">Pacific marten (<i>M. caurina</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-throated_marten" title="Yellow-throated marten">Yellow-throated marten (<i>M. flavigula</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Beech_marten" title="Beech marten">Beech marten (<i>M. foina</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Nilgiri_marten" title="Nilgiri marten">Nilgiri marten (<i>M. gwatkinsii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/European_pine_marten" title="European pine marten">European pine marten (<i>M. martes</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_marten" title="Japanese marten">Japanese marten (<i>M. melampus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sable" title="Sable">Sable (<i>M. zibellina</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Pekania" title="Pekania">Pekania</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fisher_(animal)" title="Fisher (animal)">Fisher (<i>P. pennanti</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ictonychinae" title="Ictonychinae">Ictonychinae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(African polecats and grisons)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Galictis" title="Galictis">Galictis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_grison" title="Lesser grison">Lesser grison (<i>G. cuja</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Greater_grison" title="Greater grison">Greater grison (<i>G. vittata</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Ictonyx" title="Ictonyx">Ictonyx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saharan_striped_polecat" title="Saharan striped polecat">Saharan striped polecat (<i>I. libyca</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Striped_polecat" title="Striped polecat">Striped polecat (<i>I. striatus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Patagonian_weasel" title="Patagonian weasel">Lyncodon</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patagonian_weasel" title="Patagonian weasel">Patagonian weasel (<i>L. patagonicus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/African_striped_weasel" title="African striped weasel">Poecilogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_striped_weasel" title="African striped weasel">African striped weasel (<i>P. albinucha</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Marbled_polecat" title="Marbled polecat">Vormela</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marbled_polecat" title="Marbled polecat">Marbled polecat (<i>V. peregusna</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Otter" title="Otter">Lutrinae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Otters)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Aonyx" title="Aonyx">Aonyx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_clawless_otter" title="African clawless otter">African clawless otter (<i>A. capensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Asian_small-clawed_otter" title="Asian small-clawed otter">Asian small-clawed otter (<i>A. cinereus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Congo_clawless_otter" title="Congo clawless otter">Congo clawless otter (<i>A. congicus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Enhydra" title="Enhydra">Enhydra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sea_otter" title="Sea otter">Sea otter (<i>E. lutris</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Spotted-necked_otter" title="Spotted-necked otter">Hydrictis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spotted-necked_otter" title="Spotted-necked otter">Spotted-necked otter (<i>H. maculicollis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Lontra" title="Lontra">Lontra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_river_otter" title="North American river otter">North American river otter (<i>L. canadensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Marine_otter" title="Marine otter">Marine otter (<i>L. felina</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Neotropical_otter" title="Neotropical otter">Neotropical otter (<i>L. longicaudis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Southern_river_otter" title="Southern river otter">Southern river otter (<i>L. provocax</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Lutra" title="Lutra">Lutra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_otter" title="Eurasian otter">Eurasian otter (<i>L. lutra</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hairy-nosed_otter" title="Hairy-nosed otter">Hairy-nosed otter (<i>L. sumatrana</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Lutrogale" title="Lutrogale">Lutrogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smooth-coated_otter" title="Smooth-coated otter">Smooth-coated otter (<i>L. perspicillata</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Giant_otter" title="Giant otter">Pteronura</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giant_otter" title="Giant otter">Giant otter (<i>P. brasiliensis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Badger" title="Badger">Melinae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Eurasian badgers)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Hog_badger" title="Hog badger">Arctonyx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_hog_badger" title="Northern hog badger">Northern hog badger (<i>A. albogularis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Greater_hog_badger" title="Greater hog badger">Greater hog badger (<i>A. collaris</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sumatran_hog_badger" title="Sumatran hog badger">Sumatran hog badger (<i>A. hoevenii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Meles_(genus)" title="Meles (genus)">Meles</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_badger" title="Japanese badger">Japanese badger (<i>M. anakuma</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Caucasian_badger" title="Caucasian badger">Caucasian badger (<i>M. canescens</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Asian_badger" title="Asian badger">Asian badger (<i>M. leucurus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/European_badger" title="European badger">European badger (<i>M. meles</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mellivora" title="Mellivora">Mellivorinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Mellivora" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Mellivora" title="Mellivora">Mellivora</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honey_badger" title="Honey badger">Honey badger (<i>M. capensis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mustelinae" title="Mustelinae">Mustelinae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Weasels and minks)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Weasel" title="Weasel">Mustela</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Weasel" title="Weasel">Weasels</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ferret" title="Ferret">ferrets</a>)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mustela_aistoodonnivalis" title="Mustela aistoodonnivalis">Sichuan weasel (<i>M. aistoodonnivalis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_weasel" title="Mountain weasel">Mountain weasel (<i>M. altaica</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Stoat" title="Stoat">Stoat/Beringian ermine (<i>M. erminea</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Steppe_polecat" title="Steppe polecat">Steppe polecat (<i>M. eversmannii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ferret" title="Ferret">Ferret (<i>M. furo</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Haida_ermine" title="Haida ermine">Haida ermine (<i>M. haidarum</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_weasel" title="Japanese weasel">Japanese weasel (<i>M. itatsi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-bellied_weasel" title="Yellow-bellied weasel">Yellow-bellied weasel (<i>M. kathiah</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/European_mink" title="European mink">European mink (<i>M. lutreola</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_mountain_weasel" title="Indonesian mountain weasel">Indonesian mountain weasel (<i>M. lutreolina</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Black-footed_ferret" title="Black-footed ferret">Black-footed ferret (<i>M. nigripes</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Least_weasel" title="Least weasel">Least weasel (<i>M. nivalis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Malayan_weasel" title="Malayan weasel">Malayan weasel (<i>M. nudipes</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/European_polecat" title="European polecat">European polecat (<i>M. putorius</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/American_ermine" title="American ermine">American ermine (<i>M. richardsonii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_weasel" title="Siberian weasel">Siberian weasel (<i>M. sibirica</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Back-striped_weasel" title="Back-striped weasel">Back-striped weasel (<i>M. strigidorsa</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Neogale" title="Neogale">Neogale</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_weasel" title="Amazon weasel">Amazon weasel (<i>N. africana</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_weasel" title="Colombian weasel">Colombian weasel (<i>N. felipei</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Long-tailed_weasel" title="Long-tailed weasel">Long-tailed weasel (<i>N. frenata</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/American_mink" title="American mink">American mink (<i>N. vison</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/American_badger" title="American badger">Taxidiinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Taxidea" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/American_badger" title="American badger">Taxidea</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_badger" title="American badger">American badger (<i>T. taxus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Genera_of_civets,_mongooses,_hyenas,_cats,_and_their_extinct_allies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Feliformia" title="Template:Feliformia"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Feliformia" title="Template talk:Feliformia"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Feliformia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Feliformia"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Genera_of_civets,_mongooses,_hyenas,_cats,_and_their_extinct_allies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Genera of <a href="/wiki/Viverridae" title="Viverridae">civets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongoose" title="Mongoose">mongooses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hyena" title="Hyena">hyenas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Felidae" title="Felidae">cats</a>, and their extinct allies</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>
<ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li>
<li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li>
<li>Class: <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a></li>
<li>Order: <a href="/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora">Carnivora</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Feliformia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Feliformia" title="Feliformia">Feliformia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Palaeogalidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Palaeogalidae">Palaeogalidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Palaeogale" title="Palaeogale">Palaeogale</a></i>?</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Nimravidae" title="Nimravidae">Nimravidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><ul><li>See <a href="/wiki/Nimravidae" title="Nimravidae">Nimravidae</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aeluroidea" title="Aeluroidea">Aeluroidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Alagtsavbaatar" title="Alagtsavbaatar">Alagtsavbaatar</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Anictis" title="Anictis">Anictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Asiavorator" title="Asiavorator">Asiavorator</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shandgolictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shandgolictis (page does not exist)">Shandgolictis</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nandiniidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Nandiniidae">Nandiniidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nandinia" class="mw-redirect" title="Nandinia">Nandinia</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Viverroidea" title="Viverroidea">Viverroidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Viverridae" title="Viverridae">Viverridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Africanictis" title="Africanictis">Africanictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dunictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dunictis (page does not exist)">Dunictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forsythictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forsythictis (page does not exist)">Forsythictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lufengictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lufengictis (page does not exist)">Lufengictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketketictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ketketictis (page does not exist)">Ketketictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mioprionodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mioprionodon (page does not exist)">Mioprionodon</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Moghradictis" title="Moghradictis">Moghradictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Progenetta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Progenetta (page does not exist)">Progenetta</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Genettinae" title="Genettinae">Genettinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Genetta" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetta">Genetta</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Poiana_(genus)" title="Poiana (genus)">Poiana</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hemigalinae" title="Hemigalinae">Hemigalinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chrotogale" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrotogale">Chrotogale</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Cynogale" class="mw-redirect" title="Cynogale">Cynogale</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Diplogale" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplogale">Diplogale</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Hemigalus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hemigalus">Hemigalus</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Macrogalidia" class="mw-redirect" title="Macrogalidia">Macrogalidia</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paradoxurinae" title="Paradoxurinae">Paradoxurinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Arctictis" class="mw-redirect" title="Arctictis">Arctictis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Arctogalidia" class="mw-redirect" title="Arctogalidia">Arctogalidia</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Kanuites" title="Kanuites">Kanuites</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kichechia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kichechia (page does not exist)">Kichechia</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Paguma" class="mw-redirect" title="Paguma">Paguma</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Paradoxurus" title="Paradoxurus">Paradoxurus</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siamictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siamictis (page does not exist)">Siamictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tugenictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tugenictis (page does not exist)">Tugenictis</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Viverrinae" title="Viverrinae">Viverrinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Civettictis" title="Civettictis">Civettictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Semigenetta" title="Semigenetta">Semigenetta</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Viverra" title="Viverra">Viverra</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Viverricula" class="mw-redirect" title="Viverricula">Viverricula</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Herpestoidea" title="Herpestoidea">Herpestoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Herpestidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpestidae">Herpestidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><ul><li>See below↓</li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hyaenidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyaenidae">Hyaenidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><ul><li>See below↓</li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Feloidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Feloidea">Feloidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><ul><li>See below↓</li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Herpestidae" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Herpestidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpestidae">Herpestidae</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eupleridae" title="Eupleridae">Eupleridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Euplerinae" title="Euplerinae">Euplerinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cryptoprocta" title="Cryptoprocta">Cryptoprocta</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Eupleres" title="Eupleres">Eupleres</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_civet" title="Malagasy civet">Fossa</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Galidiinae" title="Galidiinae">Galidiinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Galidia" class="mw-redirect" title="Galidia">Galidia</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Galidictis" title="Galidictis">Galidictis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Mungotictis" class="mw-redirect" title="Mungotictis">Mungotictis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Salanoia" title="Salanoia">Salanoia</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Herpestidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpestidae">Herpestidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kichechia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kichechia (page does not exist)">Kichechia</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Legetetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Legetetia (page does not exist)">Legetetia</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leptoplesictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leptoplesictis (page does not exist)">Leptoplesictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ugandictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ugandictis (page does not exist)">Ugandictis</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Herpestinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpestinae">Herpestinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Atilax" title="Atilax">Atilax</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Bdeogale" title="Bdeogale">Bdeogale</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Cynictis" class="mw-redirect" title="Cynictis">Cynictis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Herpestes" title="Herpestes">Herpestes</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Ichneumia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ichneumia">Ichneumia</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Paracynictis" class="mw-redirect" title="Paracynictis">Paracynictis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Urva_(genus)" title="Urva (genus)">Urva</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Xenogale" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenogale">Xenogale</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mungotinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Mungotinae">Mungotinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Crossarchus" title="Crossarchus">Crossarchus</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Dologale" class="mw-redirect" title="Dologale">Dologale</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Helogale" title="Helogale">Helogale</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Liberiictis" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberiictis">Liberiictis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Mungos" title="Mungos">Mungos</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Suricata" title="Suricata">Suricata</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Hyaenidae" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hyaenidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyaenidae">Hyaenidae</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Percrocutidae" title="Percrocutidae">Percrocutidae</a>?</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dinocrocuta" title="Dinocrocuta">Dinocrocuta</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Percrocuta" title="Percrocuta">Percrocuta</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Lophocyonidae" title="Lophocyonidae">Lophocyonidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euboictis (page does not exist)">Euboictis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izmirictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Izmirictis (page does not exist)">Izmirictis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lophocyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lophocyon (page does not exist)">Lophocyon</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Sivanasua" title="Sivanasua">Sivanasua</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hyaenidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyaenidae">Hyaenidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allohyaena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allohyaena (page does not exist)">Allohyaena</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belbus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belbus (page does not exist)">Belbus</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metahyaena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metahyaena (page does not exist)">Metahyaena</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Pliocrocuta" title="Pliocrocuta">Pliocrocuta</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tongxinictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tongxinictis (page does not exist)">Tongxinictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werdelinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werdelinus (page does not exist)">Werdelinus</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Ictitheriinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ictitheriinae">Ictitheriinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Herpestides" title="Herpestides">Herpestides</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Hyaenotherium" title="Hyaenotherium">Hyaenotherium</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Ictitherium" title="Ictitherium">Ictitherium</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Lycyaena" title="Lycyaena">Lycyaena</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miohyaenotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miohyaenotherium (page does not exist)">Miohyaenotherium</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Plioviverrops" title="Plioviverrops">Plioviverrops</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Protictitherium" title="Protictitherium">Protictitherium</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Thalassictis" title="Thalassictis">Thalassictis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tungurictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tungurictis (page does not exist)">Tungurictis</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protelinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Protelinae">Protelinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gansuyaena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gansuyaena (page does not exist)">Gansuyaena</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Proteles" title="Proteles">Proteles</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hyaeninae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyaeninae">Hyaeninae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Adcrocuta" title="Adcrocuta">Adcrocuta</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Chasmaporthetes" title="Chasmaporthetes">Chasmaporthetes</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Crocuta" title="Crocuta">Crocuta</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Hyaena" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyaena">Hyaena</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyaenictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyaenictis (page does not exist)">Hyaenictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ikelohyaena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ikelohyaena (page does not exist)">Ikelohyaena</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leecyaena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leecyaena (page does not exist)">Leecyaena</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lycyaenops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lycyaenops (page does not exist)">Lycyaenops</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Pachycrocuta" title="Pachycrocuta">Pachycrocuta</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palinhyaena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palinhyaena (page does not exist)">Palinhyaena</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Parahyaena" class="mw-redirect" title="Parahyaena">Parahyaena</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Feloidea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Feloidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Feloidea">Feloidea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Feloidea" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="/wiki/Feloidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Feloidea">Feloidea</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudictis (page does not exist)">Pseudictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Stenogale" title="Stenogale">Stenogale</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Stenoplesictis" title="Stenoplesictis">Stenoplesictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Viretictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viretictis (page does not exist)">Viretictis</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Barbourofelidae" title="Barbourofelidae">Barbourofelidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>(See <a href="/wiki/Template:Barbourofelidae" title="Template:Barbourofelidae">Barbourofelidae</a>)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prionodontidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Prionodontidae">Prionodontidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplogale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haplogale (page does not exist)">Haplogale</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palaeoprionodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palaeoprionodon (page does not exist)">Palaeoprionodon</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Prionodon" class="mw-redirect" title="Prionodon">Prionodon</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Felidae" title="Felidae">Felidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Asilifelis" title="Asilifelis">Asilifelis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Diamantofelis" title="Diamantofelis">Diamantofelis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Hyperailurictis" title="Hyperailurictis">Hyperailurictis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Katifelis" title="Katifelis">Katifelis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Namafelis" title="Namafelis">Namafelis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Miopanthera" title="Miopanthera">Miopanthera</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudaelurus" title="Pseudaelurus">Pseudaelurus</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Sivaelurus" title="Sivaelurus">Sivaelurus</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Styriofelis" title="Styriofelis">Styriofelis</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Proailurinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Proailurinae">Proailurinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Proailurus" title="Proailurus">Proailurus</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Vinayakia" title="Vinayakia">Vinayakia</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Felinae" title="Felinae">Felinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acinonyx" title="Acinonyx">Acinonyx</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Catopuma" title="Catopuma">Catopuma</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Caracal_(genus)" title="Caracal (genus)">Caracal</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Felis" title="Felis">Felis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Herpailurus" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpailurus">Herpailurus</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Leopardus" title="Leopardus">Leopardus</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Leptailurus" class="mw-redirect" title="Leptailurus">Leptailurus</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Leptofelis" title="Leptofelis">Leptofelis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Lynx" title="Lynx">Lynx</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Magerifelis" title="Magerifelis">Magerifelis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Miracinonyx" title="Miracinonyx">Miracinonyx</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Otocolobus" class="mw-redirect" title="Otocolobus">Otocolobus</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Pardofelis" title="Pardofelis">Pardofelis</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Pratifelis" title="Pratifelis">Pratifelis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Prionailurus" title="Prionailurus">Prionailurus</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Pristifelis" title="Pristifelis">Pristifelis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Puma_(genus)" title="Puma (genus)">Puma</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Sivapanthera" title="Sivapanthera">Sivapanthera</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Sivapardus" title="Sivapardus">Sivapardus</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Vishnufelis" title="Vishnufelis">Vishnufelis</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Machairodontinae" title="Machairodontinae">Machairodontinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><ul><li>See <a href="/wiki/Machairodontinae" title="Machairodontinae">Machairodontinae</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pantherinae" title="Pantherinae">Pantherinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Neofelis" title="Neofelis">Neofelis</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera">Panthera</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Leontoceryx" title="Leontoceryx">Leontoceryx</a></i></li>
<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Pachypanthera" title="Pachypanthera">Pachypanthera</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Arctictis binturong</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213141" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q213141">Q213141</a></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Arctictis_binturong" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Arctictis binturong">Arctictis binturong</a></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Arctictis_binturong/">Arctictis_binturong</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=359603">359603</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/5VRMH">5VRMH</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/328085">328085</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/ARTIBI">ARTIBI</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2434615">2434615</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/41631">41631</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=11003998">11003998</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=621981">621981</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/41690">41690</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Mammalogists#Mammal_Diversity_Database" title="American Society of Mammalogists">MDD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006097">1006097</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Mammal_Species_of_the_World" title="Mammal Species of the World">MSW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=14000273">14000273</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=94180">94180</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/81830/">81830</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=768502">768502</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=232055">232055</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/CITES" title="CITES">Species+</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://speciesplus.net/#/taxon_concepts/10356">10356</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tierstimmenarchiv" class="extiw" title="de:Tierstimmenarchiv">TSA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tierstimmen.org/en/database?field_spec_species_target_id_selective=2208">2208</a></span></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Viverra binturong</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109647681" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q109647681">Q109647681</a></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/7715514">7715514</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/ZooBank" title="ZooBank">ZooBank</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/7DEF6923-D11F-42FF-B0DA-2556EA4502DD">7DEF6923-D11F-42FF-B0DA-2556EA4502DD</a></span></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>' |
